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Constitution Five

QuestionAnswer
1 a. Define a republic A form of government in which the people select representatives to govern them and make laws.
1 b. For what two reasons, did framers create this kind of government? Framers did not want to have the people directly make all decisions, and the country was far too large for direct democracy.
2 a. Explain why the Constitution favors the status quo. Because in order to enact change, you must win every battle in the policymaking process, and to do that, you must have a sizable majority of the country (to get this they favored the status quo).
2 b. What does the Madisonian system encourage? Moderation and compromise and slows change.
2 c. What would be difficult to do and what would be protected as a result of the Madisonian system? It is difficult to tyrannize (majority or minority), and property rights and personal freedoms are protected.
3 c. What was required to ratify the Constitution? 9 of the 13 states had to approve the document.
3 b. Contrast the Federalist with the Anti-Federalists with regards to ratification. Federalists - wanted to Anti-Federalists - did not want to.
3 c. Define the Federalist Papers. A collection of 85 articles written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison under the name "Publius" to defend the Constitution in detail.
4. Contrast the Federalist and the Anti-Federalists with regards to preferences about the state and national government. Federalists - wanted weak state gov. and strong national gov. Anti-Federalists - wanted strong state gov. and weak national gov.
5 a. What were the complaints of the Anti-Federalists with regards to fundamental liberties? Anti-Federalists were afraid that it would erode their fundamental liberties because there was no list or rights in the Constitution.
5 b. What were the complaints of the Anti-Federalists with regards to the power of the states? Anti-Federalists feared the Constitution would weaken the power of the states
6. Explain how one fear of the Anti-Federalists was dealt with within a very short amount of time. To allay fears that the Const. would restrict personal freedoms, the Federalists promised to add amendments. The Bill of Rights was put in place to restrain the national government from limiting personal freedoms.
7. What did Thomas Jefferson say about the Constitution? That it "belongs to the living and not to the dead"
8. What do formal amendments do? They change the letter of the Constitution (an amendment that is in writing).
9 a. What two steps are required to amend the Constitution? Proposal and ratification
9 b. In what two ways can the first step be done? An amendment may be proposed either by a 2/3 vote in each house of Congress or by a national convention called by Congress at the request of 2/3 of the state legislatures.
9 c. In what two ways can the second step be completed? An amendment may be ratified either by the legislatures of 3/4 of the states or by special state conventions called in 3/4 of the states.
9 d. What is the role of the president in formally amending the Constitution? The president has no formal role in amending the Constitution, although he/she can influence the success of proposed amendments.
9 e. What two steps have been the most common by far? Congress proposing an amendment by a 2/3 vote in each house, and state legislatures ratifying an amendment by a vote of 3/4 of the states.
10. What has been the most important effect of formally amending the Constitution? Makes the Constitution more democratic and egalitarian, expanding liberty and equality in the US.
11 a. What did the Equal Rights Amendment say? "equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the US or by any state on account of sex"
11 b. Describe its journey and final fate. It sailed through Congress and the first few state legislatures, but it failed when it got to the many conservative Southern states, and fell a few states short of 3/4, and is not in the Constitution.
11 c. Is the ERA in the US Constitution? 20+ states amended their own constitutions by adding versions of the ERA.
Created by: Matti
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