Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Nervous System
Nervous system question bank
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the main purpose of myelin | Enhance nerve signal speed |
| Hyperpolarization can occur by: | Opening of K+ channels (exits), opening of Cl- channels (enters) |
| Presynaptic norephinephrine release can be BLOCKED via | alpha 2 receptors |
| Each axon branch ends in an axon terminal that relays the signal, this ending point is called ____________. | presynaptic terminal |
| Myelin forming cells in the central nervous system are called ______________. | oligodendrocytes |
| Myelin forming cells in the peripheral nervous system are called _________________. | Schwann cells |
| True or False: Myelin forming cells in the peripheral nervous system are called Schwann cells. | True |
| True or False: Myelin forming cells in the peripheral nervous system are called oligodendrocytes. | False |
| True or False: Myelin forming cells in the peripheral nervous system are called oligodendrocytes. | False |
| True or False: Myelin forming cells in the peripheral nervous system are call Schwann cells. | True |
| When no action potentials can be initiated, all sodium channels are inactivated is an example of what? | Absolute refractory period |
| During which phase of the action potential propagation are some of the sodium ion channels inactivated but not all? | Relative Refractory Period |
| In the CNS, saltatory conduction is due to _________. | oligodendrocytes |
| In the PNS, saltatory conduction is due to ________. | Schwann cells |
| Saltatory conduction due to myelination is caused by ______ in the CNS, and _______ in the PNS. | oligodendrocytes; Schwann cells |
| A synapse is a junction between two: | neurons |
| Most presynaptic terminals are found on _______. | dendrites |
| True or False: Dendrites are neuronal processes. | True |
| True or False: Dendrites are highly branched. | True |
| True or False: Dendrites receive signals. | True |
| True or False: Dendrites transmit signals to neurons and effector organs. | False |
| True or False: Dendrites transmit signals to the soma. | True. |
| Most presynaptic terminals innervate __________. | Dendrites |
| Neurotransmitters such as ________ and ________ lead to excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP). | glutamate; acetylcholine |
| ___________ refers to the maintenance of neraly constant conditions in the internal environment of the body. | Homeostasis |
| This system of regulation is involved in the regulation of carbon dioxide concentrations, pH regulation and body temperature control. | Homeostasis |
| A variation of body temperature outside the desired range triggers an autonomic response in the hypothalamus that corrects the situation. This method of homeostatic regulation is called ____________________. | Negative feedback |
| All of the following are predominantly found in the brain EXCEPT: Glycine; Glutamate; GABA alpha; Glial cells; astrocytes | Glycine |
| What is the clinical significance or reserpine? | Inhibits uptake of NE into synaptic vesicles |
| What can terminate an action potential initiated by NE? | Reuptake of NE into presynaptic terminal |
| The sodium postassium pumps help maintain the concentration gradient by pumping what ions and how? | 3 Na+ out, 2 K+ in |
| Most cells in the brain are what type of cells? | Glial |
| What kind of cells ar estructural and metabolic support (break down neurotransmitters, and take up potassium. They participate in the blood brain barrier. | Astrocytes |
| What forms tracks for migrating neurons during development? | Radial glia |
| What are the "macrophages" in the brain called? | Microglia |
| When the inside of the cell becomes more positive, this is called what? | depolarization |
| When the inside of the cell becomes more negative, this is called what? | hyperpolarization |
| Depolarization can occur by: | Open Na+ channels (enters); Open Ca++ channels (enters); Close K+ channels (can't exit) |
| When no action potentials can be initiated, all sodium channels are inactivated, this is called ____________. | Absolute refractory period |
| When some sodium channels are inactivated but not all. It takes a greater stimulus to initiate a response and the amplitude of the action potential is smaller (fewer sodium channels open) this is called __________. | Relative refractory period |
| Why is there one way movement of the neuronal signal? | Refractory period |
| When the action potential jumps from node to node, this is called __________. | Saltatory conduction |
| When the cytoplasm of 2 cells is connected by gap junctions and ions can travel from cells to cell, what type of synapse is it? | Electrical synapse |
| What kind of synapse is it when an action potential triggers the release of neurotransmitters (NT) from the presynaptic terminal and the NT diffuse through the synaptic cleft to the postsynaptic neuron where they bind the NT receptors? | Chemical synapse |
| How are neurotransmitters removed from the synpatic cleft. | Re-uptake or enzymatic breakdown |
| Once norepinephrine is taken back up into the presynaptic terminal, what happens to it? | It is degraded by mono-aminoxidase (MAO) or it is taken back up into synaptic vesicles. |
| EPSP is also called _______. | Depolarization |
| What neurotransmitter receptors contain a cation channel? | Acetylcholine and glutamate |
| What are two example of a chloride channel receptor? | GABA alpha receptor; glycine receptors |
| Most presynaptic terminals innervate _________. | dendrites |
| Which of the following receptors could be acted upon through the action of the autonomic nervous system? A) alpha-1; B) alpha-2; C) beta-1; D) beta-2; E) Nicotinic ACh receptors; F) Muscarinic ACh receptors | All of the above |
| Explain the difference between visceral and somatic motor fibers. | Somatic motor neurons directly innervate effector muscles with 1 motor neuron. Visceral motor fibers send axons to a ganglion, plexus, or target organ which then innervates the effector - ultimately involving the action 2 motor neurons. |
Created by:
P1StudyStack