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Diego

QuestionAnswer
The antigens of the Diego blood group are carried on this important protein band 3 protein, lies in the red blood cell (RBC) membrane.
What is the function of the band 3 protein? chloride/bicarbonate exchanger involved in carbon dioxide transport from tissues to lungs. It also is found in the kidney, where it is involved in acid secretion
Mutations in the gene that encodes the Diego antigens, SLC4A1, can cause these RBC morphologic changes These mutations can result in RBCs with an abnormal membrane (hereditary ovalocytosis and spherocytosis) and kidneys that are defective in secreting acid (renal tubule acidosis).
Frequency of Diego antigens Dia is found mainly in populations of Mongolian descent. It is found in 36% of South American Indians, 12% of Japanese, and 12% of Chinese, whereas it is rare in Caucasians and Blacks (0.01%). Dib is found universally in most populations
Frequency of Diego phenotypes Di(a-b+) is found in >99.9% of Caucasians and Blacks and >90% of Asians. Di(a+b+) found in <0.1% of Caucasians and Blacks and in 10% Asians. Di(a+b-) found in <0.01% Caucasians, Blacks, and Asians. Di(a-b-) found in 1 case only
Antibodies produced against Diego antigens: isotype? Anti-Dia and anti-Dib is IgG; anti-Wra is IgG or IgM
Do Antibodies produced against Diego antigens cause Transfusion reactions? Yes Anti-Dia and anti-Dib are capable of causing a moderate to severe delayed transfusion reaction. Anti-Wra can cause an immediate hemolytic transfusion reaction
Do Antibodies produced against Diego antigens cause Hemolytic disease of the newborn? Yes Anti-Dia and anti-Wra can cause severe disease. Anti-Dib tends to cause mild hemolytic disease
expression of Diego antigens is limited to RBCs and this organ expression of Diego antigens is limited to RBCs and the kidney (in the distal tubule and the collecting tubule).
Created by: jfshikle
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