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Chapter 15 vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Addison's disease | condition resulting in a decrease on levels of adrenocortical hormones which causes symptoms such as muscle weakness and weight loss |
| Autocrine | Denoting a mode of hormone action in which a hormone binds to receptors on the cell and affects the function of the cell type that produced it |
| Autoimmune disease | condition in which a persons tissue is attacked by their immune system |
| Catecholamine | the hormones made in the brainstem, nervous system, and adrenal glands help body fight stress and fight or flight response. they control heart rate, blood pressure, and nervous system functions |
| Calcitonin | A thyroid hormone that helps regulate blood concentrations of calcium and phosphate and promotes bone formation |
| Cretinism | Condition in which the development of the brain and body s inhibited by a congenital lack of thyroid hormone secretin |
| Cushing's disease | condition causing an increase in secretion of adrenocortical hormones; symptoms are buffalo hump and moon face |
| Cushing's syndrome | although it is caused specifically by adenoma of the pituitary glad that results in an increase in ACTH and cortisol levels; it is a complex set of symptoms that may have multiple causes |
| Diabetes mellitus | A complex disorder or carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism that is primarily a result of a deficiency or complete lack of insulin secretion from cells within the pancreas. |
| Exophthalmos | eyeball sticking out further than it should |
| Glucose | or simple sugar is an important carbohydrate in biology it is the primary source of energy for cells |
| Goiter | condition in which he thyroid becomes enlarged because of a lack of iodine |
| Graves's disease | condition caused by hyper secretion of thyroid hormones with symptoms such as diffuse goiter, exophthalmos, and skin changes |
| homeostasis | The equilibrium pertaining to the balance of the body with respect to fluid levels, pH levels, osmotic pressures, and concentration of various substances |
| hormones | chemical substances produced and secreted by an endocrine duct into the blood stream that results in a physiological response at a specific target tissue |
| hypercalcemia | elevated concentration of calcium in the blood |
| hyperglycemia | elevated concentration of glucose in the blood |
| hypocalcemia | low concentration of calcium in the blood |
| hypoglycemia | low concentration of glucose in the blood |
| Myxedema | condition associated with a decreased of overall thyroid production |
| Neuroblastomas | Tumors of the neural crest |
| Osteoporosis | condition associated with a decrease of bone mass and softening of bone resulting in them fracturing easier |
| Paget's disease of bone | a focal disorder of bone remodeling resulting in weakened ,deformed bones of increased mass and associated fractures |
| Paracrine | Denoting a type of hormone function in which hormone synthesized in and released from one cell signals and binds to its receptor on other type of adjacent cells |
| Pheochomocytoma | Tumors of the adrenal gland that produce excess adrenaline and norepinephrine |
| Simmonds's disease | A pituitary disorder that is a form of panhypopituitarism in which all pituitary secretions are deficient |
| Thyroxine (T4) | A thyroid hormone derived from amino acid and influences metabolic rate |
| triiodothyronine (T3) | A thyroid hormone that helps regulate growth and development and controls metabolism and body temperature |
| Spermatogenesis | The process by which immature germ cells mature into spermatozoa usually starts at male puberty |
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