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LPN Phase 2 Exam 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anethesia | Means the absence of feelings (pain) (an, meaning “without”, plus esthesia, meaning “awareness of feeling”) |
| Embolus | a dislodged thrombus. |
| Infarct | localized area of necrosis. |
| Informed Consent | permission to perform a specific test or procedure. |
| Intra-Operative | during surgery. |
| Peri-Operative | refers to the nurse’s role during the preop, intraop, and postop phases. |
| Pre-Operative | before surgery |
| Thrombus | an accumulation of platelets, fibrin, clotting factors, and cellular elements of the blood attached to the anterior wall of a vessel, sometimes occluding the lumen |
| Abrasions | usually superficial scratches caused by fingernails or clothing. |
| Avulsion | is a torn piece of tissue that result in a section being completely removed or left hanging by a flap |
| Closed Wounds | |
| Contusion | injuries that do not break the skin, caused by a blow, and characterized by edema, discoloration, and pain. |
| Ecchymosis | discolorations of an area of skin or mucous membrane caused by the extravasation of blood into the subcutaneous tissues; also called a bruise. |
| Incisions | a cut produced surgically by a sharp instrument creating an opening into an organ or space in the body |
| Lacerations | are wounds that are torn with jagged, irregular edges. |
| Open Wound | are openings or breaks in the mucous membrane or skin. |
| Puntures | are piercing wounds of the skin. Typically made by knives, nails, wood, glass, or other objects that penetrate the skin. |
| Primary Intention | Primary intention healing begins during the inflammatory phase of healing; in surgery this is usually during closure of the wound. |
| Secondary Intention | Some wounds develop a purulent exudate in which case the surgeon provides a means for its release through a drainage system or by packing the wound with gauze. Scarring is greater in a large wound. |
| Tertiary Intention | the practitioner leaves a contaminated wound open and closes it later, after the infection is controlled, by suturing two layers of granulation tissue together in the wound. |
| Abscess | cavity containing pus and surrounded by inflamed tissue, formed as a result of suppuration in a localized infection, usually a bacterial infection |
| Adhesion | band of scar tissue that binds together two anatomical surfaces normally separated; most commonly found in the abdomen. |
| Cellulitis | infection of the skin characterized by heat, pain, erythema, and edema. |
| Dehiscence | separation of a surgical incision or rupture of a wound closure. |
| Evisceration | protrusion of an internal organ through a wound or surgical incision. |
| Extravasation | passage or escape into the tissues; usually of blood, serum, or lymph. |
| Hematoma | collection of extravasated blood trapped in the tissues or in an organ resulting from incomplete hemostasis after surgery or injury |
| Acute Pain | is intense and of short duration, usually lasting less than 6 months. |
| Addiction | excessive use or abuse of a substance or practice, displayed by psychological disturbance, decline of social and economic function, and uncontrollable consumption, indicating dependence. |
| Adjuvant Analgesic Drugs | drugs that are added as a second drug for combined therapy and may have additive or independent analgesic properties or both. |
| Agonist | drug that produces a predictable response at the intended site of action |
| Analgesics | medications that relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness |
| Antagonist | drug that will block the action of another drug. |
| Antiseptic | Inhibits growth microorganism & reproduction w/o killing |
| Bactericidal | kills bacteria |
| Bacteriostatic | Inhibits growth of bacteria |
| Colonization | breeding of bacteria does not cause adverse signs and symptoms |
| Chronic Pain | pain lasting longer than 6 months; can be as intense as acute pain; can be continuous or intermittent |
| Disinfectant | substance that inhibits and prevents growth of microorganisms on non-living organisms. |
| Narcotics | a legal term. Originally applied to drugs that produce insensibility or stupor. Currently used in clinical setting to refer to any medically used controlled substance. Falling out of favor-substituting the term Opioid |
| Nociception | Processing of pain signals in the brain that give rise to the feeling of pain. This process leads to the sensation of pain or nociception |
| NonOpioid Analgesic | analgesics that are not classified as opioids. |
| NonSteroidal AntiInflammatory Drugs (NSAID’s) | a large chemically diverse group of drugs that are analgesics and also possess anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity but are NOT steroids |
| Opioid Analgesics | synthetic drugs that bind to opiate receptors to relieve pain |
| Prophylactic Antibiotic Therapy | given prior to event to prevent an infection |
| Superinfection | antibiotic resistant microorganism, not effective to antibiotic use, microorganisms overgrow |
| Synergistic Effects | the action of two or more substances or organs to achieve an effect of which each is individually incapable. |
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