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Early US Government

Virginia Standards of Learning for US History to 1865 covering SOLs 7a and 7b

TermDefinition
Judicial branch of government led by the Supreme Court; interprets laws and decides if laws are constitutional
Executive branch of government led by the President; enforces the laws
Bill of Rights first ten amendments to the Constitution that proved a written guarantee of individual rights (e.g. freedom of speech, freedom of religion)
Legislative branch of government led by Congress; creates laws
Virginia Declaration of Rights document written by George Mason; some ideas were used for writing the Bill of Rights
amendment written change made to a constitution
Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom document written by Thomas Jefferson; some ideas were used for writing the Bill of Rights
Constitutional Convention state delegates met in Philadelphia in 1787 and decided not to revise the Articles of Confederation but to write a new constitution
Articles of Confederation the first constitution of the United States written during the American Revolution to establish the powers of the new national government
Constitution of the United States of America replaced the Articles of Confederation; established a federal system of government based on powers shared between the national and state governments
commerce trade/business interactions
common currency standard form of money
constitution written plan of government
delegates representatives from each state
democracy form of government in which a nation's citizens have ultimate control
federal system structure of government is based on power being shared between the national and state governments
Great Compromise agreement that settled the debate over how large states and small states would be represented in the national government; the agreement led to the creation of a Senate and a House of Representatives
House of Representatives one of two houses of Congress; the number of voting representatives per state is determined by the state's population
ratification required that a minimum of nine of the thirteen states vote in favor of the Constitution before it could become law
Republic a representative democracy
Senate one of the two houses of Congress; consists of two voting representatives per state
Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation a weak national government; Congress had no power to tax or regulate commerce between the states; no executive or judicial branches; no common currency for the new nation; each state had one vote regardless of size
Created by: ekdixon
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