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LD ES - Ch 11
LD Earth Science - Chapter 11 - Beyond Planet Earth
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Angular diameter | Angle formed between opposite sides of an object and an observer's eye |
| Apparent diameter | How large an object looks, which depends on its size and distance from the observer |
| Asteroid | One of the tens of thousands of rocky objects located, for the most part, in a belt between the orbits of Mars & Jupiter |
| Big Bang | Theory that the universe began as the rapid expansion of an infinitesimal object of incredible mass & density |
| Big Crunch | Theory that gravity will reverse the expansion of the universe so that it contracts to a blank hole |
| Comet | A ball of frozen dust and rock that orbits the sun and has a tail that glows, (astronomy) a relatively small extraterrestrial body consisting of a frozen mass that travels around the sun in a highly elliptical orbit |
| Eccentricity | Degree of elongation of an ellipse. A measure of the elongation of an ellipse |
| Eclipse | Occurs when one celestial object casts its shadow on another celestial object |
| Ellipse | A closed curve whose shape is determined by two points, or foci. |
| Focus | One of two fixed points that determine the shape & position of an eclipse |
| Galaxy | A huge body of stars & other matter in space. A group of stars, planets, gas and dust held together by gravity. |
| Gravity | Attractive force between objects that is directly proportional to their masses & inversely proportional to the distance between them |
| Inertia | Tendency of an object to remain at rest,or, if its moving, to move constant speed in an unchanging direction |
| Light-year | Distance light travels in ONE YEAR |
| Luminosity | Amount of light given off by a star |
| Major Axis | Line thru the widest part of an ellipse |
| Meteor | Solid particle from space caught by Earth's gravity, that as they fall are heated by friction with Earth's atmosphere & burn |
| Meteorite | Natural object that has fallen to Earth from space. Any part of a meteoroid that survives its fall through the atmosphere and lands on the Earth. |
| Meteoroid | A meteor in space before it enters Earth's atmosphere. |
| Nuclear fusion | Under conditions of extreme heat & pressure in the sun, the nuclei of two hydrogen atoms join to form one helium nucleus |
| Phase | Physical state of matter, solid, liquid or gas; apparent change in shape of the lighted portion of a celestial object (phases of the moon) |
| Primary | Object (lying along the major axis of an ellipse ) around which a satellite moves (the sun is the primary of the orbiting Earth, & the Earth is the primary of the moon) |
| Redshift | Displacement of spectral lines of distant stars toward the RED end of the spectrum Doppler shift |
| Satellite | Artificial or natural celestial object that revolves around another object, the primary |
| Solar System | Planets & other objects that revolve around the sun |
| Star | Large, self-luminous body in space that creates its own radiant energy |
| Sunspot | Temporary storm on the visible surface of the sun |
| Tides | Twice daily rise & fall of the oceans caused by the gravitational attraction of the moon the sun (high & low tides) |
Created by:
desilva13
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