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Math Terms
Terms for Geometry Honors
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Transversal | A line, ray, or segment that intersects two or more coplanar lines, rays, or segments, each at a different point |
| Corresponding angles | Two non-adjacent angles, one interior and one exterior, that lie on the same side of a transversal |
| Same-side interior angles | Interior angles that lie on the same side of a transversal |
| Same-side exterior angles | Exterior angles that lie on the same side of a transversal |
| Alternate interior angles | Two non-adjacent interior angles that lie on opposite sides of a transversal |
| Alternate exterior angles | Two non-adjacent exterior angles that lie on opposite sides of a transversal |
| Midsegment of a triangle | A segment whose end points are the mid points of two sides |
| Midsegment of a trapezoid | A line connecting the mid points of the two non-parallel segments of a trapezoid |
| Polygons | A closed plain figure formed from three or more segments such that each segment intersects exactly two other segments, one at each end point, and not two segments with a common end point are collinear |
| Equilateral | A polygon in which all sides are congruent |
| Equiangular | A polygon in which all angles are congruent |
| Regular polygon | A polygon that is both equilateral and equiangular |
| Center | The point that is equidistant from all vertices of a polygon |
| Central angle | An angle whose vertex is the center of the polygon and whose sides pass through adjacent vertices |
| Reflectional symmetry | A plain figure has reflectional symmetry if its reflection image across a line coinsides with the preimage, the original figure |
| Rotational symmetry | A figure has rotational symmetry if and only if it has at least one rotation image, not counting rotation images of zero degrees or multiples of 360 degrees, that coinsides with the original figure |
| Concave polygon | a polygon that is not convex |
| Convex polygon | A polygon in which any line segment connecting two points of the polygon has no part outside the polygon |
| Corresponding sides | sides of a polygon that are matched up with sides of another polygon with the same number of angles |
| Trapezoid | A quadrilateral with one and only one pair of parallel sides |
| Parallelogram | A quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides |
| Rhombus | A quadrilateral with four congruent sides |
| Rectangle | A quadrilateral with four right angles |
| Square | A quadrilateral with four congruent sides and four right angles |
| Slope | The ratio of rise to run for a segment;the slope of a non-vertical line that contains the points |
| Sum of the exterior angles of a polygon | The sum of the measures of the exterior angles of a polygon is 360 degrees |
| Measure of an exterior angle of a regular polygon | 180 degrees multiplied by the number of sides minus two |
| Measure of an interior angle of a regular polygon | The measure, m, of an interior angle of a regular polygon with n sides is m= 180 degrees- (360 degrees/n) |
| Polygon congruence postulate | Two polygons are congruent if and only if there is a way of setting up a correspondence between their sides and angles, in order such that all pairs of corresponding angles are congruent and all pairs of corresponding sides are congruent |
| SSS | If the sides of one triangle are congruent to the sides of another triangle, then the two triangles are congruent |
| SAS | If two sides and their included angle in one triangle are congruent to two sides and their included angle in another triangle, then the two triangles are congruent |
| ASA | If two angles and their included side in one triangle are congruent to two angles and their included side in another triangle then the two triangles are congruent |
| AAS | If two angles and a non-included side of one triangle, are congruent to the corresponding angles and non-included side of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent |
| HL | If the hypotenuse and a leg of a right triangle are congruent to the hypotenuse and corresponding leg of another right triangle, then the two triangles are congruent |
| CPCTC | Corresponding of parts of congruent triangles are congruent- it is used to prove that two triangles are congruent |
| Midpoint formula | (X1 + X2)/2, (Y1 + Y2)/2 |
| Midsegment formula for a trapezoid | A segment whose end points are the midpoints of the non-parallel sides 1/2(base1+base2) |
| Sum of the interior angles of a polygon | |
| Corresponding Angles | angles of a polygon that are matched up with angles of another polygon with the same number of angles |
| Corresponding angles postulate | If two lines cut by a transversal are parallel, then corresponding angles are congruent |
| Converse of the corresponding angles postulate | If two lines are cut by a transversal in such a way that corresponding angles are congruent, then the two lines are parallel |
| Alternate interior angles theorem | If two lines cut by a transversal are parallel, then alternate interior angles are congruent |
| Alternate exterior angles theorem | If two lines are cut by a transversal are parallel, alternate exterior angles are congruent |
| Same-side interior angles theorem | If two lines cut by a transversal are parallel, then same-side interior angles are supplementary |
| Converse of the Alternate interior angles theorem | If two lines are cut by a transversal in such away that alternate interior angles are congruent, then the two lines are parallel |
| Converse of the Alternate exterior angles theorem | If two lines cut by a transversal are parallel, then same-side exterior angles are congruent, then the two lines are parallel |
| Converse of the Same-side interior angles theorem | If two lines are cut by a transversal in such a way that same-side interior angles are supplementary, then the two lines are parallel |
| Triangle Sum theorem | The sum of the measures of a triangle is 180 degrees |
| Exterior angle theorem | The measure of an exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the measures of the remote interior angles |
| Parallel lines theorem | In a coordinate plane, two non-vertical lines are parallel if and only if they have the same slope |
| Perpendicular lines theorem | In a coordinate plane, two non-vertical lines are perpendicular if and only if the products of their slopes is - 1 |
| Sum of the interior angles of a polygon | The sum,S, of the measures of the interior angles of a polygon with n sides is given byu s= (n-2) 180 degrees |
Created by:
Matt Arledge
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