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Block 1 Pharm
Pharm Final
| How long does it take before you get a therapeutic response to antidepressants? | Three to four weeks. |
| What classification is Prozac and Zoloft? What would happen if a patient takes an herbal drug such as St. John's Wort along with those medications? | Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors. Confusion, hallucination, seizure, increased BP, increased HR, fever, excessive sweating, shivering/shaking, blurred vision, muscle spasm/stiffness, tremor, stomach cramp, nausea, vomiting/diarrhea, coma or death. |
| What foods should be restricted when taking an MAOI (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor)? | Avocados, bananas, figs, raisins, pickles, sauerkraut, beer Chianti wines, soy sauce, yeast, licorice, sour cream, yogurt, aged meats and cheeses, dried sausage, fish,dairy products. |
| What happens if those foods are not restricted? | Sweating, tremors, elevated BP, bounding heart, increased BP, unexplained nose bleeds, possible stroke or heart attack. |
| A patient has Bipolar depression (manic depressive). Which drug might this patient be placed on? | Lithium |
| Anticoagulants work by ... | (heprin, warfarin) prevents vitamin K, thrombin and fibrin from working correctly. |
| Difference between generic vs trade name | Generic is lower case, non-proprietary (commonly known as). Trade name = Upper case, company makes the name. |
| How do bulk laxatives work: | Fiber. Works by increasing the water content and bulk of the stool which helps to move it quickly through the colon. |
| How do emollient stool softeners work? | Emollient stool softeners (surfactant) helps to wet and put fat in the stool to soften it. It lubricates fecal matter and the intestine walls. |
| What is nasal rebound congestion and what causes it? | Misuse of nasal decongestants cause a severe reaction of increased congestion that is only relieved by increased use of the decongestant. |
| How does a sedative work? | It helps with relaxation, reducing irritability, & excitement. Can be referred to as a tranquilizer. |
| How does a hypnotic work? | This induces sleep. Used to treat insomnia. |
| Define an antagonist. | Inhibits the effect of something (Narcan). |
| What is addiction? | A psychological or physical dependence on a drug. |
| What is drug tolerance? | A reduced response to a drug after long term use. The person needs a greater amount of the drug to receive the same response. |
| Enteric drug | Coated medication that can withstand the acid in the stomach so that the medication can be absorbed in the small intestine. |
| Sublingual | Medication goes under the tongue |
| Buccal | The medication goes between the cheek and the gums. |
| Describe a med error | Any preventable incident that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm. |
| Half-life of a medication | The amount of medication that is left in the body after a period of time in which half the medication has left the body. |
| Pharmacokinetics | The movement of medication through the body |
| Pharmacodynamics | What the medication does to the body |
| Standing order | An order that remains in effect until the doctor cancels it |
| PRN | Medication that can be given to a patient as needed for a specific purpose. PRN for headache can not be given for a toothache. |
| Action and caution for Glucosamine&Chondroitin | This is used for joint flexibility and lubrication. It can cause higher blood glucose levels so it should be used with caution by people with DM. |
| What is Aricept, used for? | Anticholinesterase. (donepezil) improves function of nerve cells in the brain. It works by preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine. People with dementia usually have lower levels of this chemical, which is important for the processes of memory/thinking |
| What is hypertension? | BP = CO X SVR |
| What are the side effects of INH? | Isoniazid. Clumsiness or unsteadiness dark urine loss of appetite nausea or vomiting numbness, tingling, burning, or pain in hands and feet unusual tiredness or weakness yellow eyes or skin |
| What are the side effects of Rifampin? | Hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. fever, chills, body aches, joint pain/swelling; weakness; urinating less than usual, or nausea, stomach pain, loss of appetite, itching, dark urine, jaundice. |
| What are Prozac and Zoloft? | SSRI - selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors. |
| What can happen if St. John's Wort is taken with an SSRI? | Confusion, hallucination, seizure, increased heart rate or BP, fever, excessive sweating, shivering/shaking, blurred vision, muscle spasm or stiffness, tremor, incoordination, stomach cramp, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, coma or death. |
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Block 1 Theory
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