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Pharm 8 Antihistamin
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Antihistamines. Six various classes. All block binding sites of histamine to H1 receptor sites on effector tissues. Can halt progression of type 1 hypersensitivity reaction, but can't reverse effects already present | H-1 Receptor Antagonists |
| Cross blood-brain barrier | First generation |
| Do not cross blood-brain barrier | Second generation |
| Most of this class of drugs end in what? | "mine" |
| Developed to produce less sedation and act peripherally. | Second generation |
| Cetrizine, Fexofenadine, and Loratadine are all what? | Second generation |
| 1st line drug for hypersensitivity reaction | Diphenhydramine (First generation) |
| Prescribed for pre-op sedation and post-op nausea. Given IM | Hydroxazine (First generation) |
| These drugs may produce _________ s/s. | Anticholinergic |
| Can have additive effect of ___________. | CNS depressants |
| May block or reverse effects of other meds, such as reverse vasopressor effects of __________. | Epinephrine |
| May mask _________, associated with aminoglycosides or large doses of salycilates. | Ototoxicity |
| Progressive failure of adrenal gland and is generally autoimmune. Results in weakness, fatigue, anorexia, N/V, abdominal pain, dizziness, ortho hypotension, and increased skin pigmentation. | Addison's Disease |
| Occurs from excess production or exposure to glucocorticoids. May have muscle weakness, very thin skin, weight gain (moon face), depression, easily bruised. DM can result from Tx. Steroids increase glucose production. | Cushing's Syndrome |
| Synthetic analogs of hormones which exert antiinflammatory, metabolic, and immunosuppressant effects. Enter all tissue compartments of the body, including cerebrospinal fluid. | Synthetic Glucocorticoids |
| Influence lipid, protein, and carb metabolism. Suppress hypersenstivity and immune responses. Enhance sodium retention. | Synthetic Glucocorticoids |
| Replacement tx for patients with adrenal cortical insufficiency, and for antiinflammatory and immunosuppressant properties. | Synthetic Glucocorticoids |
| Many glucocorticoids end in what? | "one" |
| Rapid withdrawal of sythetic glucocorticoids can lead to what? | Adrenocorticoid insufficiency |
| Anorexia, lethargy, weakness, depression, hypotension, hypoglycemia are all s/s of what? | Adrenocorticoid insufficiency |
| Available in cream, gel, lotion, and ointment. Have anti-inflammatory effects. Used to treat acute and chronic eczema, psoriasis, and contact dermatitis. | Topical Glucocorticoids |
| Used to treat allergic rhinitis, sneezing, and congestion | Intranasal glucocorticoids |
| Beclomethazone and Fluticasone are what? | Topical Glucocorticoids |
| Synthetic analogues of hormones. Admin. PO, IM, or as implanted pellets. Replacement tx in Adrenocorticoid insufficiency. | Mineral Corticoids |
| Natural prototype of class. Use is limited by high cost, limited availability, and need for parenteral admin. | Aldesterone (Mineral Corticoids) |
| This drug impairs synthesis of DNA, resulting in inhibited production and function of immune cells. Used in tx of CA. Also used to tx arthritis and psoriasis when not responsive to other tx. | Methotrexate |
| This drug prevents rejection after organ transplant in patients previously treated with other immunosuppressants. | Cyclosporine |
| Should these types of drugs be taken with or without food and/or milk? | Yes. Decrease GI irritation. |
| What type of diet should patients be on? | Low sodium |
| What should be monitored with use of these drugs? | Blood glucose levels |
Created by:
mreedy
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