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Science Test Guide

QuestionAnswer
What are the four layers of the Earth? Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
What are the two parts of the crust? Continental Crust and Oceanic Crust
What are the two parts of the mantle? The Lithosphere and the Asthenosphere
Describe continental and oceanic crust. Continental crust is made up of granite, which isn't very dense, and oceanic crust is made up of basalt, which is dense.
Describe the lithosphere The lithosphere is a hard, thin layer of rock on top of the asthenosphere, and is broken up into plates.
Why is the inner core solid? The inner core is solid because of all the pressure from the outer areas.
What are convection currents? Convection currents are currents in which the heat in the lower areas makes the lower areas rise up, which makes them cooler, which makes them fall. This cycle continues.
How do plates move? Plates move because of the convection currents that push them.
What are the three boundaries? Convergent boundary, divergent boundary, and transform boundary.
Describe convergent boundaries. Plate converge make converge boundary. Continental plate converge make mountain. Oceanic and continental plate converge oceanic plate go under continental plate. When plate go under, lava come up to make volcano.
Describe divergent boundaries. Divergent boundary when plate diverge. Continental plate diverge make rift valley. Oceanic plate diverge bring lava up which cool to make new crust. Called seafloor spreading.
Describe transform boundaries. Transform boundary when plates going in a different direction. Plates often release friction sometimes when moving in different direction, makes earthquake.
Describe primary waves. Primary waves move in one direction, compress and expand. Can move through solids and liquids.
Secondary waves describe. Secondary waves move up and down and side to side. Cannot move through liquids.
Surface waves describe Surface waves are slow waves that have reached the surface. Some roll like ocean waves and others shake buildings from side to side.
Describe the asthenosphere. The asthenosphere is a hot layer of rock so hot that the rock is like plastic. The plates of the lithosphere float on the asthenosphere.
Who invented the theory of continental drift? Alfred Wegener
Who invented the theory of plate tectonics? J Tuzo Wilson
Name of past supercontinent. Pangaea
True or False: Alfred Wegener was a weatherman True
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