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genetics
11.1
Term | Definition |
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genetics | the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics. |
fertilization | the action or process of fertilizing an egg, female animal, or plant, involving the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote. |
trait | a distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to a person. |
true-breeding | The alleles for these type of plants are homozygous. |
hybrid | the offspring of two plants or animals of different species or varieties |
segregation | method of breeding that allows only those organisms with desired characteristics to produce the next generation |
independent assortment | one of Mendel’s principles that states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes |
gametes | sex cells |
homozygous | having two identical alleles for a particular gene |
helrzygous | having two different alleles for a particular gene |
phenotype | physical characteristics of an organism |
genotype | genetic makeup of an organism |
dominant | the one that hides the recessive trait |
recessive allele | the trait that is hidden by the dominant trait |
incomplete doninance | situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele |
codominance | situation in which the phenotypes produced by both alleles are completely expressed |
punnett square | diagram that can be used to predict the genotype and phenotype combinations of a genetic cross |
multiple allele trait | a gene that has more than two alleles |
polygenic trait | trait controlled by two or more genes |
sex-linked trait | gene located on a sex chromosome |
carrier | organism that has inherited a recessive allele for a genetic trait or mutation but does not display that trait or show symptoms of the disease |
autosome | chromosome that is not a sex chromosome |