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Earth Vocab List
Earth vocab. for science
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| atmosphere | A mixture of gases that surrounds Earth: nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% other gases, including carbon dioxide and water vapor. |
| Biosphere | The whole area of Earth where life exists; made up of land(lithosphere), water(hydrosphere), and air(atmosphere). |
| lithosphere | The hard, outer most layer of Earth; made up of crust the hard, part of the mantle. |
| hydrosphere | The surface waters of Earth and the water vapor in the atmosphere. |
| tectonic plates | Large slabs of lithosphere that move around on the asthenosphere(upper mantle). |
| stress | Amount of force per unit area that is put on a given material |
| compression | The type of stress in which an object is squeezed, as when tectonic plates collide. |
| tension | The type of stress in which forces act to strech an object, as when tectonic plates pull away from each other. |
| folding | The bending of rock layers due to stress in Earth's crust(3 types: anticline, syncline, and monocline). |
| faulting | When Earth's crust breaks and the blocks of crust slide past each other(3 types: normal, reverse, and strike-slip). |
| uplift | The process by which regions of Earth's crust are raised to a higher elevation. |
| volanism | (volcanic mountains)- mountains form when molten rock erupts onto Earth’s surface, adding material to Earth’s surface. |
| rock cycle | the continual process by which new rock is formed rorm old rock material. |
| weathering | the process by which water, ice, heat, and wind act to break down rocks. |
| erosion | the process by which particles of rock are removed from their source; the removal and transport of rock and soil by the flow of water and by the actions of gravity, wind and ice. |
| deposition | the process in which water, ice, wind and gravity drop newly formed sediments. |
| rock | a solid mixture of crystals of one or more minerals. |
| mineral | a naturally formed solid material with a crystal structure; has unique physical properties such as color, hardness, luster, and streak. |
| igneous rock | forms when hot liquid rock cools and hardens. |
| sedimentary rock | forms when rocks are broken down into smaller pieces (sediment) harden into new rock. |
| metamorphic rock | forms when rock is heated and/ or squeezed. |
Created by:
Kayla H.
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