BJU Physical World - Intro to Physical Science - Ch 16
Question
Answer
caloric theory
A theory that defined thermal energy as an substance that flowed from hot bodies into cold bodies.
calorie (cal)
The amount of thermal energy required to increase the temperature of 1g of water 1 degree C
conduction
The flow of thermal energy from an object to another object through contact.
conductors
Any substance that will allow the flow of thermal energy; in electricity, a substance that holds its valence electrons loosely, allowing the flow of electricity.
convection
The flow of thermal energy from one place to another by the movement of particles.
convection current
A mass of moving particles that carries thermal energy.
entropy
The amount of disorder and randomness in a system, unusable energy.
heat
The kinetic energy present within the particles of matter; the transfer of thermal energy.
heat of fusion
The amount of thermal energy needed to change a substance from its solid phase to its liquid phase.
heat of vaporization
The amount of thermal energy needed to change a substance from its liquid phase to its gaseous phase.
insulators
A substance that does not conduct electricity or heat very well.
kilocalorie (kcal)
1000 calories
kinetic theory of thermal energy
Identifies the thermal energy of an object with the motion of its particles.
R-value
A measurement of the insulating ability of a substance.
radiation
The transportation of thermal energy without the use of matter.
specific heat
The amount of thermal energy needed to raise the temperature of 1g of a substance 10 C.
temperature
The measure of the average kinetic energy in a material.
thermal equilibrium
When the average kinetic energy of the particles of two objects are at the same temperature and conduction stops.
thermal expansion
An increase in the volume of a substance caused by the addition of thermal energy.
thermodynamics
The branch of physics that deals with thermal energy.
500 Words
