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Skeletal System
basic structures and functions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Functions of the skeletal system | support, protection, movement, storage of minerals, production of blood cells, storage of chemical energy |
| How many bones are typically in the head? | 22 |
| How many bones are in the spine? Describe the types. | 33: 7 cervix, 12 thorax, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 4 coccyx |
| How many pairs of ribs are on the thorax? How many pairs of each type? | 12 pairs: 7 pairs of true ribs, 3 pairs of false ribs, 2 pairs of floating ribs |
| True ribs | joined directly to the sternum |
| False ribs | joined to the sternum by cartilage |
| Floating ribs | not connected to the sternum |
| What does the shoulder girdle consist of? | the scapula and the clavicle |
| Long bones | greater length than width examples: femur tibia, fibula, humerus, ulna and radius |
| Short bones | cube-shaped, equal length and width examples: ankle and wrist bones |
| Flat bones | thin shape/structure examples: cranial bones, sternum and ribs, and the scapulae |
| Irregular bones | examples: vertebrae some facial bones |
| Sesamoid bones | example: patella |
| Compact tissue | forms on outer shell of bones, consists of very hard mass of bony tissue arranged in concentric layers |
| Cancellous tissue (spongy) | located beneath the compact bone, mesh-work of bony bars with many interconnecting spaces containing bone marrow |
| Articular Cartilage | reduces friction and absorbs shock at freely movable joints |
| endosteum | membrane that line the cavity of bones |
| periosteum | tough fiberous membrane that surrounds the outside of bones wherever they are not covered by articular cartilage |
| medullary cavity | contains fatty yellow bone marrow |
Created by:
malloryfletcher
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