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Chapter7-8

TermDefinition
Fold Mountain A mountain made up mostly of rock layers folded by being squeezed together.
Fault-block mountain A mountain made by huge tilted blocks of rocks seperated from surrounding rocks by faults.
Weathering The breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces by natural process.
Erosion The picking up and removal of rock particles.
Soil A mixture of weathered rock, decayed plants, and animal matter, living things, air, and water
Humus Material in soil formed by the break down of plant and animal material.
Soil horizon Any of the layers of soil from the surface to the bedrock below.
Ground water Water that soaks into soil and rock by collecting in spaces between rock particles.
Mass wasting The down hill movement of earth material caused by gravity.
Deposition The dropping off of sediment.
Glacier A huge sheet of ice and snow that moves slowly over land.
Till A jumble of many sizes of sediment deposited by a glacier.
Moraine A deposit of many sizes of sediment in front of or along the sides of a glacier.
Mineral A naturally occuring solid in earth's crust with a definite structure and composition.
Igneous rock A rock that forms when hot liquid lava cools and hardens into a solid.
Sedimentary rock A rock that forms from pieces of other rocks that are squeezedor cemented together.
Metamorphic rock A rock that forms from another kind of rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or a chemical reaction.
Rock cycle Rocks continually changing from one kind of rock to another in a never ending process.
Superposition The idea that in a series of rock layers the bottom layer is the oldest and the top layer is the youngest.
Relative age The age of a rock as compared with another rock.
Geologic column A listing of Earth's rock layers on order from oldest to youngest.
fossil Any trace, imprint, or remains of a living thing preserved in Earth's crust.
Index fossil The remains of a living thing that was wide spread but lived for only a short period of Earth's history.
Half-life The time it takes for half the mass of a radioactive element in a rock to break down, or decay,in to other elements.
Absolute age The age in years, as determind by measuring the decay rate of it's radioactive elements
Era one of four longest stretches of time in Earth's history from earliest "precarnbrian" era through the "paleozoic" and "mesozoic"eras, to the current"cenozoic" era.
Created by: 17mhastings
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