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Chapter 11
Chapter 11 Medical Terminolgy, Hernia's, Abbreviations
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| How many Categories of teeth | 3- Incisors, Cuspids, Molars |
| Incisors | The teeth in the front of the mouth. They are shaped like chisels and are useful in biting off large pieces of food. Each person has eight incisors (four on top and four on bottom) |
| Cuspids | The pointy teeth immediately behind the incisors. Also called the canines, these teeth are used for grasping or tearing food. Each person has four cuspids (two on the top and two on the bottom) |
| Molars | The flattened teeth used for grinding food. They are the furthest back in the mouth, and their numbers can vary among people |
| Abdomin/o | abdomen, abdominal |
| An/o | anus |
| ase | enzyme |
| Bil/i | bile |
| Bucc/o | cheek |
| Cec/o | cecum |
| celi/o | abdomen |
| cele | hernia |
| Cheil/o | lip |
| chezia | defecation |
| Chol/e, chol/o | bile, gallbladder |
| Choledoch/o | common bile duct |
| Cholecyst/o | gallbladder |
| Cirrh/o | orange/yellow |
| Col/o | large intestine, colon |
| Dent/I, dent/o, dont/o | teeth |
| Dia | through, throughout, completely |
| Duoden/o | duodenum |
| ectasia, ectasis | dilation, expansion |
| emesis | vomiting |
| End/o, ent/o | within, inner, containing |
| Enter/o | small intestine |
| Esophag/o | esophagus |
| Gastr/o | stomach |
| Gingiv/o | gingivae, gums of the mouth |
| Gloss/o | Tongue |
| Hepat/o | liver |
| Herni/o | rupture, protrusion of part of a structure through the tissue containing it |
| Ile/o | ileum |
| Jejun/o | jejunum |
| Labi/o | lips |
| Lapar/o | abdomen |
| Lingu/o | tongue |
| Lith/o | stone |
| lysis | release |
| Or/o | mouth |
| ostomy, stomy | artificial or surgical opening |
| otomy | incision into |
| Pancreat/o | pancreas |
| Pepsia | digestion |
| Peritone/o | peritoneum |
| phagia | eating, devouring |
| plasty | technique involving molding or surgically forming |
| Proct/o | anus, rectum |
| Rect/o | rectum |
| rrhea | flowing, flux |
| scope,scopy | action involving the use of an instrument for viewing |
| Sial/o | saliva |
| Sialaden/o | salivary gland |
| Sigmoid/o | sigmoid colon |
| Splen/o | spleen |
| Stomat/o | mouth |
| Uvul/o | uvula, grape |
| Viscer/o | the viscera, internal organs |
| Barret's Esophagus | an abnormal growth of the stomach or intestinal cells at the distal end of the esophagus |
| Esophagitis | an inflammation of the linning of the esophagus |
| Esophageal Varices | extremely dilated submucosal veins in the lower end of the esophagus. most often caused by portal hypetension and and cirrhosis of the liver. Have a strong tendency of bleeding |
| Mallory - Weiss Tear | occurs in the mucous membrane of the esophagus, where it connects to the stomach. Tears usually are caused by forceful or long term vomiting, or by epileptic convulsions. May be followed by bright red blood or by passing blood in stool |
| Hiatal Hernia | an anatomical abnormality in which part of the stomacj protrudes or herniates through the opening of the diaphragm and up into the chest |
| Swallowing Disorders or Dysphagia | any condition that causes impairment of the movement of solids or fluids from the mouth, down the throat, and into the stomach |
| Hot Biopsy Forceps | Uses monopolar current, requiring a grounding pad placed somewhere on the patient. The use of "hot" forceps enables the provider to simultaneously excise a lesion and control bleeding and, if needed preserve specimen for histological examination. |
| Prolapse | An internal hemorrhoid that descends and protrudes past the anal sphincter |
| Thrombosis | A clot of blood within the hemorrhoid that causes acute pain |
| Strangulation | A hemorrhoid in which blood supply has become occluded by constricting action of the anal sphincter |
| Ulceration | A hemorrhoid in which there is inflammation or necrotic changes of tissue |
| Fistula | A tube-like tract with one opening in the anal canal and the other opening usually in the perianal skin of the rectum |
| Fissure | An acute longitudal tear, painful linear grove, or a chronic ovoid ulcer of the anal canal |
| Inguinal Hernia | The abdominal contents protrude into the inguinal canal. Most common. method of repair depends on the age of patient |
| "Sliding" Inguinal Hernia (49525) | The peritoneal organs (eg ascending colon, bladder, or cecum) protrude in such away that the wall of the internal organ forms a portion of the hernia sac |
| Lumbar Hernia (49540) | These posterior abdominal wall or retroperitoneal outpouching occur between the 12th rib and the iliac crest |
| Femoral Hernia (49550-49557) | The intestine protrudes along the femoral canals. Found more frequently in adults and may occur due to multiple pregnancies, obesity, or connective tissue degeneration, and are common in the aging process |
| Incisional or Ventral Hernia (49560-49566) | Protrusion occurs at the incisional site following abdominal surgery. |
| Epigastric Hernia (49570-49572) | Protrusion occurs in the midline between the xiphoid process and the umbilicus |
| Umbilical Hernia (49580-495870) | Protrusion occurts at the umbilicus as a result of an abnormally large or week umbilical ring |
| Spigelian Hernia (49590) | Although uncommon, this type of hernia consists of protruding properitoneal fat, a peritoneal sac, or a viscous-containing sac through Spigelain zone. This zone is in the lower abdominal region on either the right or left side lateral to the rectus muscle |
| EGD | esophagogastroduodenenscopy |
| ERCP | endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
| GERD | gastroesophageal reflux disease |
| GI | gastrointestinal |
| IBD | Inflammatory bowel disease |
| IBS | Irritable Bowel Syndrome |
| LLQ | left lower quadrant |
| LUQ | Left upper quadrant |
| PEG | percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy |
| PEH | paraesophageal herniar |
| RLQ | right lower quadrant |
| RUQ | right upper quadrant |
Created by:
BBracha
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