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foot special test
foot special tests
| special test | how it's done | + sign | what it's for |
|---|---|---|---|
| toe tap/percussion | flick toe/tap toe | pain | fracture |
| intermetatarsal glide | MT heads moved in opposite direction up and down | pain, increased glide | muscle injury, interosseous tear |
| Morton's test | squeeze first and fifth mets | pain | stress fracture, interdigital nerve compression |
| valgus/varus test of mtp/ip joints | valgus/varus force applied to joint of toes | pain | collateral ligament sprain |
| ant./post drawer | pull ankle forward backward | laxity | ant. /pot. talofibular ligament |
| talar tilt(ankle neutral) | invert by rolling calcaneus medially | laxity | calcaneofibular ligament |
| talar tilt (ankle plantarflexed | invert by rolling calcaneus medially | laxity | calcaneofibular/ anterior talofibular ligament |
| eversion test | evert by rolling calcaneus laterally | laxity | deltoid ligament |
| bump test | bump calcaneus w/ palm | pain | ankle fracture |
| pott's compression squeeze test | squeeze fibula and tibia together | pain | fracture or anterior TIBIOFIBULAR ligament and interosseous membrane sprain |
| talar torsion | df and externally rotate | laxity | ant. tibiofibular ligament and interosseous membrane |
| thomson's test | squeeze calf (prone) watch plantarflexion | plantarflexion | rupture of achilles tendon |
| percussion test | tap tib/fib | pain | fracture |
| kleiger's test | foot externally rotated in neutral/plantarflexed position | pain | deltoid ligament tear |
| homan's sign | passively df foot while knee is extended | pain in calf | deep vein thrombophlebitis |
| tine's sign | tap posterior to medial medial mal | pain | tarsal tunnel |
| grind test (clarkes sign) | Pressure on superior pole, downward pressurePatient contract | can't hold contraction | chondromalacia |
| apprehension test | move patella laterally | pain contraction of quads | patellar subluxation |
| hughston's plica | Examiner passively flexes and extends knee while simultaneously internally rotating tibia while pushing on patella mediallyPalpate medial femoral condyle | pain | abnormal medial plica |
| full passive ROM | take through ROM | can go through ROM | rule out locking of joint, joint effusion |
| McMurray Test | Valgus/er/flexVarus/ir/ext | joint line pain, popping or clicking | valg/er= medial meniscusvarus/IR= lateral meniscus |
| apley's compression/distraction test | Prone, flexed 90Rotate tibia w/ compressionRotate tibia w/ distraction | pain | Pain w/ compression=meniscal tearPain w/ distraction = collateral ligament trauma |
| duck walk | deep squat/walk like duck | pain | post. horns of menisci |
| bounce home | Supine, knee flexedPassively allow the knee to extended | doesnt extend | springy block due to meniscal injury |
| valgus test 15-30 degrees/full extension | Valgus force applied to knee while distal tibia moved laterally | pain/laxity | 15-30 mclfull ext - mcl and acl |
| varus test 15-30/full ext | opposite of valgus | pain/laxity | lcllcl and acl |
| ant/ posterior drawer | hip flexed 45 knee 90Grab tibia below joint lineDraw tibia anteriorly/posteriorly | pain laxity | acl/pcl |
| slocum test | Like ant. Drawer but int/externally rotate tibia | Increased amount of ant. Tibial translation, lack of firm end point | Anteriomedial/anteriolateral rotary instability |
| lachman | pull tibia anteriorly, push down on femur | laxity, pain | acl |
| sag test | Hip @ 45 degKnee @ 90 deg | post sag of tibia | pcl |
| godrey's test | Supine with knees extended and legs togetherLift legs and hold them parallel to table | post sag of tibia | pcl |
| supra patellar puch (sweep tset) | squeeze, make bulge | pouch | joint effusion |
| obers | Passively flex knee and hip bringing hip into ABD and extension so ITB clears greater trochanterAllow leg to slowly aDDuct | doestnt adduct | itb |
| nobles | Apply pressure to the lateral femoral condyle as the knee is passively or actively extended | pain over lateral condyle (under where examiner thumb is) | itb |
| longitudinal compression | longitudinal force placed along shaft of toe | pain | fracture |
| distraction test | pull out toe | pain | fracture, ligamentous laxity |