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chapter 7
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cancer | A group of more than 100 diseases characterized by damage to DNA, which causes abnormal cell growth and development. |
| infection | The process of infecting or the state of being infected. |
| Atherosclerosis | Differentiated by the presence of Atherosmas (plaques consisting of lipids, cells and cell debris, often with attached thrombi, which form inside the walls of large arteries. |
| Angina Pectoris | An episodic, reversible oxygen insufficiently. |
| Myocardial Infarction | A heart attack; it results in reduction of blood flow through one of the coronary arteries, causing ischemia and necrosis. |
| Hypertension | An abnormal increase in arterial blood pressure. |
| Cardiac Arrhythmias | Deviations from the normal cardiac rate or rhythm. |
| Congestive Heart Failure | Is one of the most common cardiovascular disorders. |
| Hyperlipidemia | lipids or fats, which are usually transported in various combinations with proteins (lipoproteins), play a key role in cardiovascular disorders. |
| Aplastic Anemia | Results from injury to, or destruction of, stem cells in bone marrow, which causes Pancytopenia (anemia,luekopenia, and thrombocytopenia). |
| Folic Acid Deficiency | folic acid deficiency anemia is a common, slowly progressive condition. |
| Iron Deficiency Anemia | iron deficiency anemia is a disorder of oxygen transport in which hemoglobin synthesis is deficient. |
| Pernicious Anemia | A disorder of red blood cells that causes them to develop into an enlarged, misshapen form. |
| Polycythemia Vera | Is a chronic disorder characterized by increased red blood cell mass increase hemoglobin level. |
| Thrombocytopenic Purpura | I a deficiency of platelets that occurs when the immune system attacks and destroys them. |
| Thrombocytopenia | Is a deficiency of platelets and circulating blood. |
| Asthma | Is a respiratory condition characterized by difficulty exhaling and by wheezing. |
| Chronic Bronchitis | Is inflammation of the bronchi caused by irritants or infeinfection. |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | Results from emphysema chronic bronchitis, asthma, or a combination of these disorder. |
| Pulmonary Embolism | Is caused by a blood clot or flat deposit formed in a peripheral blood vessel that breaks free from this side of formation and lodges in a blood vessel in the lung. |
| Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome | Infection may cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (Aids). |
| Allergic Rhinitis | Is a reaction to airborne (inhaled) allergens. |
| Anaphylaxis | Is an acute, potentially life-threatening type 1 (immediate) hypersensitivity reaction. |
| Latex Allergy | Is a hypersensitivity reaction to products that contain natural latex, which is derived from the sap of the rubber tree. |
| Schizophrenia | Is a mental illness characterized by distortion of reality, disorganized thought patterns, social withdrawal, hallucination, and poor judgment. |
| Bipolar Disorder | Is a mental illness characterized by by periods of extreme excitation or mania, and deep depression. |
| Depression | Is classified as a mood disorder, or which there are several subgroups. |
| Eating Disorder | Is a complex psychological state characterized by the fear of being overweight. |
| Dementia | Is a chronic deterioration of intellectual function and other cognitive skills severe enough to interfere with the ability to perform activities of daily living. |
| Anxiety | Are the most common psychiatric illness in the United States affecting 40 million people with a higher incidence of anxiety seen in women than in men. |
| Sleep Disorders | insomnia is the inability to fall asleep or stay asleep. |
| Parkinson's Disease | Is a progressive Degenerative disorder affecting motor function through the loss of eextrapyramidaI activity. |
| Alzheimer's Disease | Alzheimer's disease has been demonstrated to be one of the most common causes of severe cognitive dysfunction in older persons. |
| Seizures | seizures are a group of disorders that are characterized by hyper excitability of neurons in the brain. |
| Gastroesophogeal Reflux Disease | refers to backflow of stomach content into thesophagus and past a lower esophageal sphincter, without associated vomiting. |
| Peptic Ulcer Disease | are lesions in the mucosal membrane which can develop in the lower esophagus, stomach, or duodenum. |
| Crohn's Disease | Chrohns disease is a condition of the intestinal tract characterized by patches of inflammation of even ulcers. |
| Ulcerative Colitis | is an inflammatory disease that affects the mucosa of the colon. |
| Diverticulitis | is an inflammation of a diverticulum, usually caused by entrapment of feces within the diverticulum. |
| Nonviral Hepatitis | nonviral hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver that usually results from exposure to certain chemicals or drugs. |
| Viral Hepatitis | viral hepatitis is a common infection of the liver, resulting in hepatic cell destruction in necrosis. |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis | is a systemic inflammatory disease that attacks the joints by producing inflammation of the sea y no VI al membranes that leads to the destruction of the articular cartilage and underlying bone. |
| Gout | gout is actually a group of diseases known as the gout syndrome. |
| Osteoarthritis | is by far the most common form of arthritis among the elderly. |
| Osteoporosis | is a metabolic bone disorder in which the rate of bone resorption accelerates while the rate of bone formation slows causing a loss of bone mass. |
| Osteomalacia | in vitamin D deficiency, bone cannot calcify normally. |
| Hypopituitarism | is a condition caused by deficiency or absence of any of the pituitary hormones, especially those produced by the anterior pituitary lobe. |
| Hyperpituitarism | is a chronic or progressive disease that is caused by excessive production and secretion of pituitary hormone. |
| Diabetes Insipidus | is a disturbance of water metabolism that results in extreme thirst and excessive secretion of dilute urine. |
| Simple Goiter | refers to any enlargements of the thyroid gland. |
| Hashimoto Disease | is a chronic disease of the immune system that attacks the thyroid gland. |
| Hyperthyroidism | is the overproduction of thyroid hormone causing increased metabolism in changes of multiple body systems. |
| Hypothyroidism | hypothyroidism can strike either sex at any age. |
| Myxedema | is caused by severe prolonged hypothyroidism. |
| Cushing's Syndrome | is a condition of chronic hypersecretion of cortisol from the adrenal cortex, which results in excessive circulating cortisol levels. |
| Addison's Disease | is caused by partial or complete failure of adrenalcortical function. |
| Diabetes Mellitus | is a chronic disorder of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism caused by inadequate production of insulin by the pancreas or faulty utilization of insulin by the cells. |
| Gestational Diabetes | gestational diabetes mellitus or type 3 diabetes, is a condition of damaged ability to process carbohydrate that has is on Sat during pregnancy. |
| Chlamydia | chlamydia one of the most commonly reported infectious disease in the United States causes urethritis in men and uretritis and cervicitis (a common infection of the lower genital tract) in women. |
| Gonorrhea | gonorrhea a common STD is an infection of the genitourinary tract. |
| Trichomoniasis | trichomoniasis is a protozoal infection of the lower genitourinary tract. |
| Genital Herpes | genital herpes is an infection of the skin of the genital area, with ulcerations spread by direct skin to skin contact causing painful genital sores that are similar to cold sores. |
| Syphilis | syphilis is a chronic systemic sexually transmitted infection that develops in four stages. |
| Ovarian Cysts | ovarian cysts are fluid-filled or semi fluid filled sac that forms on or near the ovaries. |
| Endrometriosis | endometriosis is a condition wherein tissue that is similar to the tissue lining of the uterus forms in other parts of the body. |
| Pelvic Inflammatory Disease | PID is an infection of the uterine lining that may spread into the fallopian tubes. |
| Toxic Shock Syndrome | toxic shock syndrome is a rare but potentially fatal illness caused by certain strains of Staphylococcus aureus that secrete a unique toxins. |
| Orchitis | orchitis is infection of the testis. |
| Prostatitis | prostatitis is acute or chronic inflammation of the prostate gland. |
| Hydronephrosis | Is a distention of the pelvis and calyces (tubes) of the kidney by urine that cannot flow past an obstruction. |
| Pyelonephritis | Is an inflammation usually due to bacterial infection of the kidney. |
| Renal Failure | Acute renal failure is a sudden interruption of renal function. |
| Glomerulonephritis | Is a bilateral inflammation of the glomeruli (capillary tufts in the kidney nephrons), typically after a streptococcal infection. |
| Polycystic Kidney | Is an inherited disorder characterized by multiple bilateral grape like clusters of fluid filled cysts. |
| Neurogenic Bladder | Is a dysfunction of urinary bladder control that consists of difficulty in emptying the bladder or urinary incontinence. |
| Atopic Dermatitis | Is a chronic or recurring skin lesion characteristic of an allergic reaction. |
| Seborrheic Dermatitis | Is a common skin condition characterized by itchy reddened and oily patches of skin. |
| Contact Dermatitis | Contact dermatitis is an acute inflammation of the skin. |
| Psoriasis | Psoriasis is a chronic condition characterized by raised red patches covered with white scale . |
| Acne Vulgaris | Acne is a skin condition characterized by inflammation of the oil producing glands and ducts. |
| Herpes Zoster | Herpes zoster is an infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus which is the same virus that causes. |
| Cellulitis | Cellulitis is an infection of the subcutaneous tissue. |
| Impetigo | Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection most commonly seen in children though it is not limited only to their age group. |
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jazmine18
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