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ES-Unit 4 Mapping
ES-Unit 4 - Mapping Skills
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cardinal Directions | North, South, East, West |
| Ordinal Directions | Northeast, Southeast, Northwest, Southwest |
| Scale | The distance on a map compared to the actual distance (ex. 1:100, 1 inch : 100 miles) |
| Latitude | Lines on a map that determine location north or south of the Equator, measured in degrees, lines run east-west but measure north-south, range 0 - 90 N and 0 - 90 S, lines are ALWAYS parallel. |
| Longitude | Lines on a map that determine location east or west of the Prime Meridian, measured in degrees, lines run north south, but measure East-West. Range 0 - 180 degrees. Lines meet at the poles. |
| Equator | 0 degrees latitude, count all degrees of latitude north or south of this line, divides earth into Northern and Southern hemispheres |
| Prime Meridian | 0 degrees longitude. Runs through Greenwich, England, count all degrees of longitude from this point. Divides earth into Eastern and Western hemispheres. |
| International Date Line | 180 degrees longitude. going west you loose a day, going east you gain a day. |
| Time Zones | In continental USA we have (from west toward east) Pacific, Mountain, Central, and Eastern (Virginia). Going west you subtract an hour for each time zone crossed, going east you add an hour for each time zone crossed. |
| Ocean/Lake Floor topography | Must have depth and distance. Need exact location point for each depth that is benchmarked. |
| Benchmark | A precise location and elevation/depth measurement for a certain point. Measured by a surveyor (like George Washington!). |
| Contour Line | Line on a map showing same elevation |
| Contour Interval | Vertical distance (elevation) between contour lines |
| Elevation | Vertical distance above sea level |
| Depth | Vertical distance below sea level |
| Hachure Lines | Lines that indicate drop in elevation or depression, often used at the top of a volcano to show crater |
| Depression | Decrease in elevation compared to surrounding land |
| Key/Legend | Identifies symbols, scale, contour interval that is being used on a particular map. Usually found in a box together and clearly labeled. |
| Reference point | Fixed point on a map from which you can determine direction/location. Similar to benchmark, but may not have an elevation associated with it. |
| Topography | Shows the shape of Earth's Surface using contour lines at regular intervals. |
Created by:
tejneckyc
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