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Study Guide 4
Science
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Which of the following is a push - pull motion? | Pwave |
The most common cause of earthquakes is... | Faults |
Which of the following is a name of a volcano that has recently erupted? | Active |
Which of the following is made up of particles about the size of golf balls? | Cinder |
Which of the following is made up of particles about the size of grains of rice? | Volcanic Ash |
Quiet flows of runny lava produce... | Shield Volcanoes |
The smallest particle to come out of a volcano is... | Volcanic Dust |
A volcano that is known to have erupted but not in recent history, is called... | a dormant volcano |
Cinder cones result from... | cinders piling up |
The San Andres fault is located in... | California |
P waves from an earthquake... | are push and pull waves, they are the fastest seismic wave, and they travel through solids, liquids, and gases |
S waves... | travel only through solids and move side to side |
During earthquakes, the most violent shaking occurs... | at the epicenter |
A tsunami is caused by... | underwater earthquakes |
S waves differ from P waves in which S waves... | travel through solids and move side to side |
Using the Richter scale, which of these earthquake magnitudes is the strongest? | 3, 5, 2, 8 |
The amount of damage caused by an earthquake does not depend on the | distance of the seismograph from the epicenter |
L waves... | travel on the surface and are the slowest of all seismic waves |
A volcano whose last eruption hasn't happened in recorded history is called... | exinct |
A _____ volcano is made by cinders piling up after explosive eruptions. | cinder cone |
The strength of an earthquake is measured according to a scale called the _____. | Richter scale |
A great sea wave is called a(n) _____. | tsunami |
The point on earth's surface directly above an earthquake's point of origin is called the _____. | epicenter |
An instrument that detects and measures seismic waves is called a(n) _____. | seismograph |
There are _____ main types of seismic waves associated with earthquakes. | three |
The fastest of the main seismic waves are the _____ waves. | P |
The opening or _____ in the earth's crust is the location where hot, liquid rock spills out onto the surface of the earth. | vent |
Volcanoes may develop a _____ or pit at the top. | crater |
In _____ volcano formation, eruptions are usually quiet and lava flows are runny, forming gentle slopes around the sides of the volcano. | shield |
Most of the damage to cities and towns during an earthquake comes from _____ waves. | L |
True or False The underground point of origin of an earthquake is called the epicenter. | False |
True or False L waves are surface waves. | True |
True or False Secondary waves cannot travel through liquids. | True |
True or False Earthquakes result from folding, which is a break in earth's crust. | False |
True or False Shields are volcanic bombs the size of golf balls that are hurled from a volcano during an eruption. | False |
True or False Dormant volcanoes have never erupted. | False |
True or False Extinct volcanoes will never, ever erupt. | False |
True or False The fire and ice zone is an earthquake and volcano zone in the Pacific Ocean region that includes the San Andres Fault. | False |
True or False Magma is molten rock that has reached the surface of the earth. | False |
Name an activity we did this chapter and tell what I was trying to help you learn by doing this activity. | An activity we did this chapter was the epicenter lab in which we located epicenters with a "compass". By doing this lab you were trying to help us learn how to find an epicenter. |
Contrast 3 types of particles that may erupt from a volcano. | The types of volcanic particles are volcanic dust, volcanic ash, cinder, and volcanic bombs. They are all different because of their sizes; dust is the smallest, then ash (rice size), next cinder (golf ball sized), and bombs which are the biggest. |
Contrast a shield volcano and a composite volcano. | Shield and Compostite volcanoes are different in which shield volcanoes are formed by quiet lava flows and has a gradual slope, whereas composite volcanoes are formed by both cinder and lava . |
Contrast P and S waves in an earthquake. | P waves are different from S waves because P waves are faster than S waves, they move in push pull motions whereas S waves move in a side to side motion, and finally P waves travel through three types of matter whereas S waves only travel through solids |
Compare and contrast lava and magma. | Lava and magma are similar because they are the same thing (molten rock), the only difference is that Lava is above-ground and magma is underground. |