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A&P 2:Ch. 19 Vessels

TermDefinition
Tunica Intima/Interna (Arteries) Endothelial lining of simple squamous; Underlying CT; Includes a layer of elastic fibers
Tunica Intima/Interna (Veins) Endothelial lining of simple squamous; Underlying CT
Tunica Media Concentric Layer of smooth muscle & CT; Thicker in Arteries
Vasoconstriction (in Tunica Media) Contraction of smooth muscle to decrease diameter in vessel
Vasodilation (in Tunica Media) Relaxation of smooth muscle from reduced stimulation; increase in vessel diameter
Tunica Externa/Adventitia (Arteries) Sheath of collagen & elastic fibers that connect surrounding tissue for stabilization.
Tunica Externa/Adventitia (Veins) Sheath of collagen & elastic fibers that connect surrounding tissue for stabilization; Include additional smooth muscle cells; Thicker than in Arteries
Arteries Carry blood away from heart; able to stretch and recoil with pressure change
Arteries Usually round with a relatively thick wall
Veins Usually larger & have flattened/collapsed walls
Arterioles poorly defined Tunica Externa & only has 1-2 layers of smooth muscle in Tunica Media.
Arterioles & Arteries Carry blood away from heart to capillary beds where gas & nutrients/waste is exchanged.
Veins & Venules Carry blood from capillary beds to heart; have valves to prevent backflow of blood to capillary beds
Varicose Veins Superficial veins become distended & the valve no longer prevents backflow of blood
Venous System Muscle contractions squeezes blood in veins toward heart
Capillaries Consists of a tube of endothelial cells within a basal lamina
Fenestrated Capillaries Allow rapid exchange of water & solutes between plasma & interstitial fluids
Sinusoids (Capillaries) Have gaps between adjacent cells that allow free exchange of water & solutes up to the size of plasma proteins; occur in Liver, Bone Marrow, Spleen & other Endocrine Glands
Capillary Beds Path of blood flow can be regulated
Vasomotion (In Capillary Beds) Vasoconstriction occurring rhythmically so blood "pulses" through capillary beds
Anatsomoses (In Capillary Beds) Reconnection of 2 streams previously branched out; provides alternative pathways for blood flow
Pulmonary Circuit Heart to Lungs and back
Pulmonary Arteries Carry Deoxygenated blood
Systemic Circuit Heart to Tissues and back
Aorta Large, elastic artery extending from left ventricle; All systemic arteries originate here
Superior & Inferior Venae Cavae All Systemic Circulation merge into 2 large veins: (name them)
Superior & Inferior Venae Cavae Return Deoxygenated blood to the right side of the heart
Superficial and Deep Peripheral Veins 2 Sets of Peripheral Veins: (name them)
Superficial and Deep Peripheral Veins One of each in the venous system; pathways are important for body temperature regulation.
Created by: JSpeaker08
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