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Erosion

QuestionAnswer
Surface processes that break down rock are called Weathering
How does chemical and mechanical weathering differ? mechanical weathering happens when rocks are broken down by physical processes and chemical weathering happens when chemical reactions dissolved minerals.
Why is ice wedging most obvious in the mountains Because the temperature changes in the mountains allow for repeated freezing and thawing of water caught in the cracks of rocks.
When water mixes with carbon dioxide in the air, it forms Carbonic acid
How does climate affect chemical and mechanical weathering? Chemical weathering occurs more rapidly in warm, wet climates, and mechanical weathering occurs more in cold climates.
Tree roots, burrowing animals and plants are causes of mechanical weathering
Ice wedging happens in Cold and temperate climates
a cracked sidewalk is an example of mechanical weathering
Rusted tools are an example of chemical weathering
Soil is a mixture of weathered rock, water, decayed organic matter, oxygen and mineral fragments
Decayed organic material turns into a dark colored material called Humus
In which horizon is litter usually found Horizon A
In which horizon is the parent rock found? Horizon C
Which layer is most like the parent rock? Horizon C
Which layer is least like the parent rock? Horizon A
How many years does it take soil to form? 1000's
How many factors affect soil formation? 5
Leaching is removal of minerals that have been dissolved in water
Erosion of soil is more common on Steep sloping hills
How does soil erosion affect topsoil? It washes it away
Construction, farming and raising livestock all acan cause Soil Erosion
How do farmers attempt to manage crops to reduce soil erosion? No till farming, plant shelter belts, use animals to graze instead of plow.
Shelter belts provide a barrier from the wind to reduce soil erosion
A method in which level topped areas are built into steep sided hills Terracing
Construction sites attempt tot reduce erosion by covering exposed soil with plastic, spray exposed soil with water and replace topsoil when they are done.
What is erosion? A process that wears away surface materal.
What force causes erosion to occur? Gravity
Slumps, creeps, rock falls and mudflows are all examples of Mass Movements
Slumps, creeps rock falls and mudflows are all driven by what agent of erosion? Gravity
Where do rock falls and rockslides commonly occur? Areas with steep cliffs
What is a danger of building a house on a side of a hill? Mass Movement
What effect does vegetation have on erosion? It resists or slows erosion
Deposition occurs when agents of erosion lose energy
What can be done to help prevent erosion on steep slopes? Drainage pipes, plant vegetation, walls or concrete boulders put in place
All glaciers move under their own weight
What is plucking? when rocks, gravel and sand are moved by glaciers
What is till a mixture of different sized glacer sediment
When did the last ice age end? About 18,000 years ago
What type of valley is made by valley glaciers? U shaped
Plucking and scouring are all driven by what agent of erosion? Glaciers
How does wind abrasion work? Windblown sediment strikes a surface
Which type of land suffers the least from wind erosion? Forest
How do roots stop erosion? They hold the sediment in place
What causes dunes to form? Wind
Most dunes Move across land
What is the fourth agent of erosion besides Gravity, Glaciers, and Wind? Water
Created by: placet
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