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Science Ch 4 vovab

Cardiovascular system

TermDefinition
cardiovascular system The body system that consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, and that carries needed substances to cells and carries waste products away from cells.
Heart A hollow, muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.
artery A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.
atrium Each of the two upper chambers of the heart that receives blood that comes into the heart.
ventricle Each of the two lower chambers of the heart that pumps blood out of the heart.
valve A flap of tissue in the heart or vein that prevents blood from flowing backward.
pacemaker A group of cells located in the right atrium that sends out signals to make the heart muscle contract and that regulates the heartbeat rate.
capillary A tiny blood vessel where substances are exchanged between the blood and the body cells.
vein A blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart.
aorta The largest artery in the body
force A push or pull.
coronary artery An artery that supplies blood to the heart itself.
diffusion The process by which molecules move from an area where they are highly concentrated to an area in which they are less concentrated.
pressure The force that something exerts over a given area.
blood pressure The pressure that is exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels.
sphygmomanometer An instrument that measures the blood pressure.
plasma The liquid part of the blood.
red blood cell A cell in the blood that takes up oxygen in the lungs and delivers it to cells elsewhere in the body.
hemoglobin An iron-containing protein that binds chemically to oxygen molecules and makes up most of red blood cells.
white blood cell A blood cell that fights disease.
platelet A cell fragment that play an important part in forming blood clots.
fibrin A chemical that is important in blood clotting because it forms a fiber net that traps red blood cells.
blood transfusion The transference of blood from one person to another.
lymphatic system A network of veinlike vessels that returns the fluid that leaks out of blood vessels to return to the bloodstream.
lymph node A small knob of tissue in the lymphatic system that filters lymph.
atherosclerosis A condition in which an artery wall thickens as the result of the buildup of fatty materials.
cholesterol A waxy, fatlike substance, only found in animal products, that is an important part of body's cells; can build up on artery walls.
heart attack A condition in which blood flow to a part of the heart muscle is blocked,which causes heart cells to die.
hypertension A disorder in which a person's blood pressure is constantly higher than normal.
lymph The fluid that the lymphatic system collects and returns to the bloodstream.
Created by: amanda.jordan
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