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Matter
Third form matter facts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the units for mass? | kilogrammes (or grammes) |
| What are the units for weight? | Newtons (N) |
| On Earth what (approximately) is the weight of 1 kg? | 10 Newtons |
| If my mass on Earth is 50 kg, what is my mass on the Moon where gravity is 1/6 of its value on the Earth? | Mass never changes, 50 kg. |
| If my weight on Earth is 600 N, what is my weight on the Moon where gravity is 1/6 of its value on the Earth? | 600/6 = 100 N |
| What is the effect called when you look through a microscope at smoky air and see bright spots moving randomly? | Brownian Motion |
| In Brownian motion, when you look through a microscope and see bright spots moving randomly, what are the spots? | Smoke particles (Brown may have looked at pollen grains) |
| When you look through a microscope at smoky air and see bright spots moving randomly, what causes the movement? | Air molecules bumping into the smoke. |
| What is diffusion? | When something spreads from an area of high concentration into an area of low concentration. |
| Gas molecules move at about 300 m/s. Why does it take a long time for gas to diffuse across a room? | The gas molecules bump into air molecules and keep changing direction. |
| What do we call a space with no air? | A vacuum. |
| What are the units for pressure? | Pascals (Pa) = Newtons per metre squared |
| Which is it? Force = pressure over area or Pressure = force over area? | Pressure = force divided by area. |
| A 600 N woman in stiletto heels puts all her weight on one heel (area 2 cm squared) and treads on my foot. Find the pressure. | pressure = 600/2 = 300 N/cm2 |
| A bag has a string handle, area 0.5 cm squared on my hand. Weight of bag + food = 30 N. What is pressure? | pressure = 30/0.5 = 60 N/cm squared |
| A brick is lying on its side. Will the pressure be bigger or smaller if it is turned onto its end? (end has a smaller area). | Pressure = force/area. Divide by smaller area, get a LARGER answer. |
| Why does an animal with a long neck need high blood pressure? | Pressure increases with depth (height) in a liquid. Need high pressure from heart to pump blood to brain. |
| Pressure throughout liquid at same depth is the same, why are hydraulic brakes force multipliers? | Area of pistons at brakes is much greater than area of piston behind brake pedal. |
| Why is air pressure on top of a mountain less than at sea level? | Depth (height) of air above you is greater at sea level. |
| How do gases put pressure on things? | Gas particles (molecules) move fast in all directions and collide with container walls. |
| Why does a solid expand when heated? | Particles move faster and further apart when substance is heated. |
| Why are most liquids less dense than solids? | Particles are not packed so neatly, not so many in the same volume. |
| Why are gases less dense than liquids or solids? | Particles are spread far apart, lots of empty space in between. |
| Which expands most for the same change in temperature, solid, liquid or gas? | Gases expand most for same change in temperature. |
| Give three words for liquid turning to gas. | Evaporation, boiling or vaporisation. |
| Why does a bi-metallic strip bend when it is heated? | One of the two metals it is made of expands more than the other one. It goes on the outside of the curve. |
| Name one use for a bi-metallic strip. | Something that turns off the electric current at a certain temperature, e.g. in an electric iron. |
| What are the units of density? | kg per metre cubed, or grammes per cm cubed. |
| A 12 kg block of wood has a volume of 3 metres cubed. What is its density? | 12/3 = 4 kg per metre cubed. |
| A 54 kg woman has a volume of 60 metres cubed. what is her density? | 54/60 = 0.9 kg per metre cubed. |
| Iron has a density of 8 grammes per cm cubed. What is the mass of 2 cm cubed of iron? | 2 x 8 = 16 grammes |
| density = mass divided by what? | density = mass divided by VOLUME. |
| mass = density TIMES or DIVIDED by volume? | mass = density times volume. |
| A measuring cylinder contains 20 cm3 of water. A stone is dropped in and the level rises to 25 cm3. What is the volume of the stone? | 25 - 20 = 5 cm3 |
Created by:
waslancing
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