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vocabulary
Chapter 12 terminology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mantle | he layer of earth that surrounds the core ;made of both molten magma and solid rk |
| Crust | the thin, solid, rocky outermost layer layer of the earth |
| Differentiation | he process of the earth materials separating and sorting by density resulting in a layered structure with the densest material (Fe & Ni) settling in the core |
| Tectonic plate | a large section of the earth’s crust the moves and corries everything on it |
| bot spot | a stationary, high temperature area of melting within the earth’s mantle that can last for several millions of years where super heated mantle magma rises towards the surface |
| Seafloor | he theory that oceans wides open up and continents are pushed the part as new crust is formed at mid ridges |
| plate tectonic | the theory that the earth's surface is made of large section of crust that move and interact with;each other |
| Continental drift | the theory that the major land masses of the earth were ones part of one large supercontinent that broken apart 200millions years ago |
| Mid ocean ridge | a long , underwater mountains range that is split by a rift valley where mantle magma rises and forms new oceanic crust |
| Convection current | the circular flow of magma within the molten part of the mantle as it heats up and cools down |
| Paleomagnetism | a record of the earth’s magnetic field preserved by the alignment of magnetic minerals in the rocks of earth’s crust at the time that the rocks were formed at mid-ocean ridges |
| Focus | the point inside the earth where rocks first moves, starting earthquake |
| Epicenter | the point of the earth surface directly over the focus of an earthquakes |
| richter scale | the scale used to measure the magnitude or strength of an earthquakes |
| Deformation | the process of physically changing the earth's crust as result of tectonic forces |
| Viscosity | the ability of a subduction to resist flowing |
| Fault | a scientist that studies the behaviors and characteristics of earthquake |
| seismologist | a scientist that studies behaviors and characteristics of earthquakes |
| Log time | the amount of time that passes between the arrival of the first P wave and the first S wave |
| Magnitude | a measure of the amount of energy released during an earthquake |
| Continental margin | the edges of the continents below sea level that represent the shallowest parts of the oceans |
| Plate boundary | an area on the earth’s surface where the edges of tectonic plates are interacting |
| Subduction | the geologic process by which one tectonic plate is forced downward into the mantle under others tectonic plate |
| Ring of fire | an area of high subduction activity and frequent volcanic eruptions surrounding the pacific plate |
| Geothermal energy | a renewable energy source that originates from the earths own internal heat |
| Tectonic forces | forces generate from within the earth that result uplift movement or deformation of the earths crust |
| Volcanic arc | an arcing of volcanic islands or volcanic mountains formed by the subduction of an oceanic plate into the mantle under another tectonic plate |
Created by:
jdeanda
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