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Chapter 12 ES
Question | Answer |
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Weather | short term variations in atmosphere phenomena that interact and affect the environment and life on Earth. |
Climate | The long - term average of variations in weather for a particular. |
Air mass | large volume of air that has the characteristics of the area over which it forms. |
source region | area over which an air mass forms. |
Coriolis Effect | Effect of a rotating body that influences the motion of any object or fluid on Earth air moving north or south from the equator appears to move right or left respectively |
Polar easterlies | global wind systems that lie between latitudes 60 degrees N and S and the poles and is characterized by cold air. |
prevailing westerlies | global wind system that lies between 30 degrees and 60 north and south latitudes where surface air moves toward the poles in an easterly direction |
trade winds | two global wind systems that flow between 30 degrees North and South latitudes where air sinks warms and returns to the equator in a westerly direction. |
jet stream | narrow wind band that occurs above large temperature contrasts and can flow as fast as 185 km/h |
front | boundary between two air masses of differing densities can be cold warm stationary or occluded and can stretch oer large areas of Earth's surface. |
Thermometer | instrument used to measure temperature using either the Fahrenheit or Celsius scale. |
anemometer | weather instrument used to measure wind speed. |
hygrometer | weather instrument used to measure humidity. |
radiosonde | balloonborne weather instrument whose sensors measure the ratio of pressure, humidity, and temperature wind speed and wind direction of the upper atmosphere |
Doppler effect | Change in the wave frequency that occurs due to the relative motion of the wave as it moves toward or away from an observer. |
Station model | record of weather data for a specific place at a specific time using meteorological symbols. |
isobar | line on a weather map connecting areas of equal pressure. |
isotherm | line on a weather map connecting areas of equal pressure |
digital forecast | weather forecast that uses numerical data to predict how atmospheric variables change over time. |
analog forecast | weather forecast that compares current weather patterns to patterns that occurred in the past. |