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LMS Ch 22.1 DR

Characteristics of the Atmosphere Directed Reading

QuestionAnswer
The most abundant elements in air include all of the following gases EXCEPT?? Hydrogen.
The composition of air is approximately the same all over Earth up to an altitude of about?? 80 km.
The two most abundant compounds in air are the gases carbon dioxide and?? Water Vapor.
In addition to containing gaseous elements and compounds, the atmosphere carries various kinds of tiny solid particles such as dust and?? Pollen.
How much of Earth’s atmosphere is composed of nitrogen?? 78%.
The process by which nitrogen moves from air to the soil and then to plants and animals and eventually returns to the air is called the?? Nitrogen Cycle.
Nitrogen is removed from the air primarily by?? Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria.
What percentage of Earth’s atmosphere is made up of oxygen?? 21%.
What holds the gases of the atmosphere near Earth’s surface?? Gravity.
The pressure exerted on a surface by the atmosphere is called?? Atmospheric Pressure.
The pressure of the atmosphere is exerted?? Equally in all directions.
Because the pull of gravity is not as strong at higher altitudes, the air molecules there are farther apart and exert?? Less Pressure.
It can be said that atmospheric pressure decreases as altitude?? Increase.
Standard Atmospheric Pressure?? 1 atmosphere. (Only that one.)
Barometer?? An instrument used to measure atmo- spheric pressure.
Mercurial Barometer?? Instrument that measures atmospheric pressure using a column of liquid mercury.
Aneroid Barometer?? Instrument that measures atmospheric pressure. (Only that one.)
Altimeter?? An aneroid barometer that registers altitude above sea level rather than air pressure.
Troposphere?? The lowest layer of the atmosphere, in which temperature drops at a constant rate as altitude increases.
Tropopause?? The upper boundary of the troposphere.
Stratosphere?? The layer of atmosphere between the troposphere and the mesosphere, in which temperature increases as altitude increases.
Stratopause?? Upper boundary of the stratosphere.
Mesophere? The coldest layer of the atmosphere, between the stratosphere and the thermosphere, in which temperature decreases as altitude increases.
Mesopause?? Upper boundary of the mesosphere.
Thermosphere?? The uppermost layer of atmosphere, in which temperature increases as altitude increases.
Ionosphere?? The lower region of the thermosphere.
Auroras?? Phenomena caused by interactions between solar radiation and the ionosphere.
Exosphere?? The region above the ionosphere, where Earth’s atmosphere blends into the almost complete vacuum of space.
Created by: ericyonggyuhong
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