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LMS Ch 12.1 DR

How and Where Earthquakes Happen Directed Reading

QuestionAnswer
Rocks along both sides of a fault are usually?? Tightly pressed together.
What prevents rocks from moving past each other in a fault?? Friction.
What is a fault that is in an immobilized state called?? Locked.
The trembling and vibrations of an earthquake are caused when?? The stress becomes so great that the rocks of a fault suddenly grind past each other.
Geologists think that earthquakes are caused by?? Elastic Rebound.
The sudden return of elastically deformed rock to its undeformed shape is called?? Elastic Rebound.
After the rocks fracture, what happens?? They rebound and spring back to their original shape.
The location within Earth along a fault where the first motion of an earthquake occurs is called the?? Fault.
When rocks along a fault slip into new positions, they release energy in the form of vibrations called?? Seismic Waves.
Where do seismic waves travel?? Outward in all directions from the focus through the surrounding rock.
How many types of waves do earthquakes produce?? Two.
The composition of the material through which P waves and S waves travel affects?? The speed and direction of the waves.
What type of materials do P waves travel through fastest?? Materials that are very rigid and not easily compressed.
A fault zone is a region of?? Numerous, closely spaced faults.
Body Wave?? A seismic wave that travels through the body of a medium.
Surface Wave?? A seismic wave that travels along the surface of a medium.
P Wave?? The fastest seismic wave; causes particles of rock to move in a back-and forth direction parallel to the direction in which the wave is traveling. (Only that one.)
S Wave?? The second-fastest seismic wave; causes particles of rock to move in a side-to-side direction perpendicular to the direction in which the wave is traveling. (Only that one.)
Tectonic Plate Boundaries?? A point at which stress on rock is the greatest.
Convergent Plate Boundaries?? A point at which plates move toward each other and collide.
Divergent Plate Boundaries?? A point at which plates move away from each other.
Continental Plate Boundaries?? A point at which two continental plates converge, diverge, or move horizontally in opposite directions.
Created by: ericyonggyuhong
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