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vocabulary of earth
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the dense center of the earth made of solid and molten iron and nickel | Core |
| the layer of earth that surrounds the core; made of both molten magma and solid rock | mantle |
| the thin , solid rocky outermost layer of earth | Crust |
| the process of earth materials separating and sorting by density resulting in a layer structure with the densest material (Fe & Ni) setting in the core | Differentiation |
| a large section of earth's crust that moves and carries everything on it | tectonic plate |
| a stationary, high temperature area of melting within the earth's mantle that can last for several millions of years where super heated mantle magma rises towards the surface | Hotspot |
| a long, narrow rip or opening , made made by the stretching, pulling apart of the earth's crust through which mantle magma reaches the surface adding new crust to the edge of a tectonic plate | Rift valley |
| the theory that oceans widen (open up) and continent are pushed apart as new crust is formed at mid-ocean ridges | seafloor spreading |
| the theory that the earth's surface is made of large sections of crust that move and interact with each other | Plate tectonic |
| the theory that the major landmasses of the earth were once part of one large single super continent that broke apart 200 millions years ago | Continental Drift |
| a long underwater mountain range that is split by a rift valley where mantle magma rises and forms new oceanic crust | Mid Oceanic Ridges |
| the circular flow of magma within the molten part of the mantle as it heats up and cools down | Convection current |
| a type of vibrating or shaking activity produced by the movement of earth's tectonic plate | Seismic wave |
| a record of the earth's magnetic field preserved by the alignment of magnetic minerals on the rocks of earth's crust at the time that the rocks were formed at mid-ocean ridges | Paleomagnetic |
| he point inside the earth where rock first, moves starting an earthquake | Focus |
| the point on the earth's surface directly over the focus of an earquake | Epicenter |
| the scale used to measure the magnitude or strength of an earthquake | Richter scale |
| the process of physically changing the earth's crust as a result of tectonic forces | Deformation |
| the ability of a substance to resist folwing | Viscosity |
| a break or fracture in the earth's crust caused by tectonicforces | Fault |
| a scientific that studies the behaviors and characteristics of earhquake | Seismologist |
| the amount of time that passes between the arrival of the first P wave and the first s wave | Lag time |
| a measure of the amount of energy released during an earthquake | Magnitude |
| the edges of the continents below sea level that represent the shallowest parts of the oceans | Continental margin |
| an area on the earth's surface where the edges of tectonic plates are interacting | Plate boundary |
| the geologic process by which one tectonic plate is forced downward into the mantle under another tectonic plate | Subduction |
| an area of high subduction activity and frequent volcanic eruptions surrounding the pacific plate | Ring of fire |
| a renewable energy source that originates from the earth's own internal heat | Geothermal energy |
| forces generate from within the earth that result in uplift, movement, or deformation of the earth's | Tectonic forces |
| an arcing chain of volcanic islands or volcanic mountains formed by the subduction of an oceanic plate into the mantle under another tectonic plate | Volcanic Arc |
Created by:
ggonza
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