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Ch 11 Vocab. Words

TermDefinition
troposphere layer of the atmosphere closest to Earth's surface, where most of the mass of the atmos-phere is found and in which most weather takes place and air pollution collects
stratosphere layer of Earth's atmosphere that is located above the tropopause and is made up primary of concentrated zone
mesosphere the region of the earth's atmosphere above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere, between about 30 and 50 miles (50 and 80 km) in altitude.
thermosphere layer of the earth's atmosphere directly above the mesosphere and directly below the exosphere. within this layer, the ultraviolet radiation causes ionization.
exosphere uppermost region of earth's atmosphere as it gradually fades into the vacuum of space. air in the exosphere is extremely thin - in many ways it is almost the same as the airless void of outer space
radiation the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles, especially high-energy particles that cause ionization
conduction the process by which heat or electricity is directly transmitted through a substance when there is a difference of temperature or of electrical potential between adjoining regions, without movement of the material
convection the movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, which consequently results in transfer of heat
temperature inversion a reversal of the normal decrease of air temperature with altitude, or of water temperature with depth
humidity a quantity representing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere or a gas
saturation the state or process that occurs when no more of something can be absorbed, combined with, or added
relative humidity the amount of water vapor present in air expressed as a percentage of the amount needed for saturation at the same temperature
dew point the atmospheric temperature (varying according to pressure and humidity) below which water droplets begin to condense and dew can form
latent heat the heat required to convert a solid into a liquid or vapor, or a liquid into a vapor, without change of temperature
condensation nucleus small particles typically 0.2 um, or 1/100th the size of a cloud droplet on which water vapor condenses.
orographic lifting occurs when an air mass is forced from a low elevation to a higher elevation as it moves over rising terrain
cumulus a cloud forming rounded masses heaped on each other above a flat base at fairly low altitude
stratus cloud forming a continuous horizontal gray sheet, often with rain or snow
cirrus cloud forming wispy filamentous tufted streaks at high altitude
precipitation rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to the ground
coalescence when different elements of something join together and become one
Created by: selenamercado
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