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ES Semester 1 Test
Cards to study for 8th grade earth science semester 1 exam.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A possible explanation or answer to a question is a A. fact. B. law. C. synopsis. D. hypothesis. | D. hypothesis |
| A series of steps scientists follow to solve problems are a. scientific methods. b. experiment guidelines. c. investigation methods. d. standard procedures. | a. scientific methods. |
| A controlled experiment tests a. many variables at once. b. one variable at a time. c. complex data. d. change data. | b. one variable at a time. |
| What model is used to show objects that are too small or too large to see completely? a. a physical model b. a mathematical model c. a conceptual model d. a climate model | a. a physical model |
| The volume of a liquid is often given in a. meters. b. centimeters. c. liters. d. square units. | c. liters. |
| If you wanted to learn about the origin, history, and structure of the Earth, you would study a. meteorology. b. geology. c. astronomy. d. oceanography. | b. geology. |
| What is an advantage of having an International System of Units? a. It provides a system that can be used only by scientists. b. It reduces the variables in mathematical climate models. c. It allows scientists everywhere to share and compare data. | c. It allows scientists everywhere to share and compare data. |
| What unit would be most appropriate for measuring the mass of a cow? a. a kilogram b. a meter c. a cubic meter d. a gram | a. a kilogram |
| An explanation that ties together many hypotheses and explanations is called a(n) a. model. b. concept. c. theory. d. investigation | c. theory. |
| The International System of Units allows scientists to a. share data around the world. b. translate data into English. c. note data in multiples of five. d. base data on many variables. | a. share data around the world. |
| Which of the following places would NOT be useful as a reference point? a. 123 Elm Street b. Boise, Idaho c. the mountains d. Johnny’s Country Store | c. the mountains |
| What is magnetic declination? a. the distance from the equator b. the difference between the magnetic north and the true north c. the same as 90o latitude d. when the needle of a compass points north | b. the difference between the magnetic north and the true north |
| Which area of land would be the most distorted on a flat map? a. a town b. a continent c. a small island d. a city park | b. a continent |
| Which direction does a compass needle point? a. towards the prime meridian b. towards the magnetic north pole c. along the Earth’s axis d. towards true north | b. towards the magnetic north pole |
| Lines of latitude a. run from north to south. b. start in Greenwich, England. c. are parallel to the equator. d. indicate magnetic declination. | c. are parallel to the equator. |
| What line connects the North and South Poles? a. axis b. north c. equator d. sphere | a. axis |
| Architects often construct a(n) ___________________________ that shows what a building will look like once it is constructed. | physical model |
| If you divide the mass of a substance by its volume, you can find its _________________________. | density |
| The study of the origin, history, and structure of the Earth is ___________________________. | geology |
| A person who studies organisms and their environment is a(n) ______________________________. | ecologist |
| An Earth science that mixes geology and chemistry is ________________________________. | geochemistry |
| The direction to the geographic North Pole is called _______________________________. | true north |
| The longitude line at 0o is called the ______________________________________. | Equator |
| the study of the universe | astronomy |
| the study of the Earth's atmosphere in relation to weather & climate | meteorology |
| the study of the sea | oceanography |
| a scientist who studies earthquakes | seismologist |
| Shows you how the map is placed in relation to true north | compass rose |
| Imaginary circle halfway between the poles | equator |
| The distance north or south from the equator | latitude |
| Height of an object above sea level | elevation |
| Shows the relationship between the distance on Earth’s surface & the distance on the map | scale |
| A mineral must have a definite ______________________________ structure. | crystalline |
| A mineral that is composed of only one element is called a ____________________________. | native element |
| When you say that an object is shiny or dull, you are describing its _____________________. | luster |
| A naturally formed, inorganic solid with a definite crystalline structure is a ________________. | mineral |
| Weathering, erosion, deposition, & ___________________ are processes that shape the Earth’s surface. | uplift |
| Minerals used to estimate temperature & pressure at which rock changes are called ______________________________________. | index minerals |
| Black gold and crude oil are two common names for __________________________________. | petroleum |
| The splitting of a mineral along smooth, flat surfaces | cleavage |
| A measure of the ability of a mineral to resist scratching | hardness |
| The color of the powder of a mineral | streak |
| The breaking of a mineral along either curved or irregular surfaces | fracture |
| Natural mineral deposit that is large enough and pure enough to be mined for profit | ore |
| Organic matter that can be a source of energy. | biomass |
| A process in which the nuclei of radioactive atoms are split. | fission |
| The joining of two or more nuclei to form a larger nucleus. | fusion |
| Electrical energy produced by falling water. | hydroelectric power |
| The use of a windmill to drive an electric generator. | wind power |
| The energy received by Earth from the sun in the form of radiation. | solar energy |
| A mixture of gasoline and alcohol that is used as a fuel. | gasohol |
| Energy released by heat within Earth. | geothermal energy |
| hardens to form new rock at mid-ocean ridges | magma |
| used as evidence for continental drift | fossils |
| used as evidence for sea-floor spreading | magnetic reversal |
| stress that squeezes a rock layer | compression |
| the raising of a rock layer | uplift |
| stress that stretches a rock layer | tension |
| the sinking of a rock layer | subsidence |
| the beginning point of an earthquake. | focus |
| the branch of science that studies earthquakes | seismology |
| the change in the shape of rock in response to stress | deformation |
Created by:
missdietrich
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