Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
WVSOM GI
Nueral/Hormonal Control, Motility I and Motility II
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The parasympathetic system usually has what effect on the GI system | stimulatory |
| The sympathetic system usually has what effect on the GI system | inhibitory |
| The enteric nervous system is also known as what | intrinsic |
| Name the layers if the duodenum from the lumen out | Lumen - mucosa - muscularis mucosa - submucosa - muscluaris externa - serosa |
| What is another name for the myenteric plexus | Auerbachs |
| What is another name for the Submucosal plexus | Meissners |
| Sympathetic usually enter the enteric nervous system via what type of fibers | Post-ganglionic |
| Parasympathetics enter the enteric nervous system via what type of fibers | Preganglionic |
| Which plexus, meissners or auerbachs deals more with movement | Auerbachs |
| Any fiber that leaves the enteric nervous systme is what type of fiber | postganglionic |
| What are the classic excitatory nuerotransmitters | ACh and Substance P |
| What are the classic inhibitory nuerotranmitters | VIP and NO |
| What is a long relfex | A reflex that travels back to the CNS on an afferent nerve fiber, and then back to the gut on an efferent nerve fiber |
| What is a short reflex | This is a reflex that takes place in the gut wall |
| What is a short relfex also known as | Intramural or local |
| What nerve are the afferent and efferent signals carried on | Vagus!!!! |
| Can post ganglionic sympathetic nerves fire directly on effector cells | YES |
| Do preganglionic parasympatheic nerves ever fire directly onto the effector cells | NO |
| What is the sole hormone released in the antrum of the stomach | Gastrin |
| What hormone is released all the way through the Duodenum and Jejunum and tappers off in the illeum | CCK |
| What two hormones are only released in the duodenum and jejunum | GIP and Motilin |
| Eating a meal will inhibit the action/release of what hormone | Motilin |
| Nerves, chemicals, distention and/or stretch will release which two hormores | Gastrin and Motilin |
| What is the most powerful releaser of CCK | FAT! |
| Protein releases which two hormones | Gastrin and CCK |
| Which hormone becomes inhibited by acid | Gastrin |
| Which hormone is stimulated by the release of acid | Secretin |
| The vagus fires ganglia which release ACh onto which 4 cell types | G-cells, ECL's, Chief Cells, and Parietal Cells |
| G-cells secrete Gastrin which stiulates which two cells | ECL and Parietal |
| Cheif cells release what | Pepsinogen |
| Pariental cells release what | Intrisic Factor (IF and H+) |
| What is zolinger elasin | the development of a gastric secreting tumor in the pancreas |
| Which hormone is relased cyclic every 90 min | motilin |
| CCK acts to contract which organ | Gall bladder |
| Secretin has a negative/inhibitory effect on which two cells | G-cells and Parietal cells |
| What does secretin trigger the release of | HCO3- (Bi-carb) |
| CCK causes the release of what | BILE from the gallbaldder and Bi-carb and pancreatic enzymes from the pancreas |
| Somatostatin does what | Stops all secretions! |
| GIP inhibtis which two cell types | G-cells and Parietal cells |
| What does GIP cause the release of | Insulin from the pancreas |
| Pancreatic Polypeptide cuases a decrease in the secretion of what | Pancreatic Bicarb and enzymes |
| Peptide YY does what | Decreases Gastric secretion and emptying |
| What peptide does the same thing as peptide YY but also causes insulin release | enterglucagon |
| Where are all the patterns for motility programmed | Enteric nervous system |
| Can the programmed patterns of motility be effected by nerves and hormones | YES |
| What is physiological ileus | The absence of motility along the intestine in which the quiescene of motor funtion neurally programmed |
| What would happen if you got a had a block of the enteric nervous system | Disorganized and nonpropulsive contractile behavior occuring CONTINUOUSLY! |
| Do inhibitory neurons need to be turned on or off in order for the circular muscle outside of the sphinters to contract | OFF |
| Lack of contraction is caused by the inhibitory neurons being active or inactive | active |
| What happens to protect the nasopharynx during swallowing | Soft palate moves close off opening |
| What needs to happen in order to seal off he trachea during swallowing | Upward movement of the glottis and downward movement of the epiglottis |
| Pressures in the body of the espohgus reflect what | intrathoracic or intrabdominal |
| Between swallows the pressures of what structures lie above atmospheric pressure | Upper esophogeal sphincter, lower esophogel sphincter |
| The pressure at the sphincters during a swallow goes up, down or stays the same | down |
| The pressure in the espohpgus during a swallow goes up, down or stays the same | up |
| Which esophogeal sphicter is associated with the myenteric plexus | Lower |
| What would ultimatley send an inhibitory signal to the lower esophogeal sphincter | Distention and/or vagus firing |
| Does the myenteric plexus exist in striated muscle | NO |
| In which region (upper or lower) of the esophogus do you have the vagus firing DIRECTLY onto muscle | Upper (lower uses myenteric) |
| What occurs in the stomach in order to move food toward the sphincter, but eventually overtakes the bolus and sends some of it back towards the orad portion | low amplitude waves (3-5/min) |
| What are the interstital cells of Cajal | pacemakers |
| Can slow waves cause contracion | YES, if a spike potential exist to make the wave big enough |
| Where do slow waves begin and end | mid stomch to the colon |
| What influences have an effect on the slow wave frequncey | tempurature and metabolic activity |
| what infuences have only MINIMAL effects on the slow waves, but can cause changes in the plateau | hormones and nerves |
| Would firing from the sympathetics cause an increase, decrease or have no effect on the slow waves | decrease |
| Is the MMC (migrating motor complex) a fed or fasted state occurance | fasted (2-3 hours post-meal) |
| ncreasing which three hormones will increase contractility | Gastrin, CCK, and motilin |
| What is the intestino-intestinal relfex | If a area of the bowel is really distended, conractal activity of the rest of the bowel is inhibited |
| Illieal distention will have what effect on the ileo-colic sphincter | relaxation |
| Colic distention will cause what effect on the ileo-colic sphincter | contraction |
| Relaxation of what structure allows for recpetors to be able to tell the nature of the contents in the the canal | internal anal sphincter |
| Increase in food amount will cause an increased or decrease response at the internal and external anal sphincters | increase |
Created by:
lowryc
Popular Physiology sets