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Phys. Sci. Chap. 7

Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
Reactant A substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction.
Product A substance that forms in a chemical reaction.
Chemical Energy The energy released when a chemical compound reacts to produce new compounds.
Exothermic Reaction A chemical reaction in which energy is released to the surroundings as heat.
Endothermic Reaction A chemical reaction that requires energy input
Chemical Equation A representation of a chemical reaction that uses symbols to show the relationship between the reactants and the products.
Mole Ratio The relative number of moles of the substances required to produce a given amount of product in a chemical reaction.
Synthesis Reaction Reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound.
Decomposition Reaction A reaction in which a single compound breaks down to form two or more simpler substances.
Combustion Reaction The oxidation reaction of an organic compound, in which heat is released.
Single-displacement Reaction A reaction in which one element or radical takes the place of another element or radical in a compound.
Double-displacement Reaction A reaction in which a gas, a solid precipitate, or molecular compound forms from the apparent exchange of atoms or ions between two compounds.
Free Radical An atom or a group of atoms that has one unpaired electron.
Oxidation-reduction Reaction Any chemical change in which one species is oxidized (loses electrons) and another species is reduced (gains electrons); also called redox reaction.
Catalyst A substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed or changed significantly.
Enzyme A molecular, either protein or RNA, that acts as a catalyst in biochemical reactions.
Substrate The reactant in reactions catalyzed by enzymes.
Chemical Equilibrium A state of balance in which the rate of forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction and the concentrations of products and reactants remain unchanged.
Created by: osubuckeye1012
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