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chapter 3

Rocks

QuestionAnswer
What is a rock? A rock is any solid mass of mineral or mineral-like matter that occurs naturally as part of our planet
What is igneous rock? Igneous rock is a rock that forms when magma or lava cools and solidifies
What is sedimentary rock? Sedimentary rock is a rock that forms when sediments are compacted and cemented
What is Metamorphic rock? Metamorphic rock is any rock that has been changed by heat, pressure, or fluids
What is the rock cycle? The rock cycle is the cycle in which rocks changed into different forms
What is magma? Magma is molten material that forms deep beneath earth's surface
What is Lava? Lava is magma that has reached the surface
What is weathering? Weathering is a process in which rocks are physically and chemically changed by air, water, and living things
What are sediments? Sediments are pieces of weathered rocks
What is an intrusive igneous rock? An intrusive igneous rock is a rock that forms when magma hardens beneath earth's surface
What is an extrusive igneous rock? An extrusive igneous rock is a rock that forms when lava hardens
Ultramafic The chemical composition of peridotite
What type of chemical composition does basalt have? Basaltic
What type of chemical composition does granite have? Granitic
What type of chemical composition does diorite have? Andesitic
What type of texture does rhyolite have? Fine-grained
What is erosion? Erosion involves weathering and the removal of rock
What is deposition? When an agent of erosion loses energy, it drops the sediments. This process is called deposition
What is cementation? Cementation takes place when dissolved minerals are deposited in the tiny spaces among the sediments
What is compaction? Compaction is a process that squeezes, or compacts, sediments
Created by: gabemurphy
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