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Respiratory System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Respiratory System | This system is responsible for taking in oxygen, a gass needed by all body cells, and removing carbon dioxide, a gas that is a metabolic waste product produced by the cells when the cells convert food into energy. |
| Nose | This has two openings, called nostrils or nares, through which air enters. |
| Nasal Septum | A wall of cartilage that divides the nose into two hollow spaces. |
| Nasal Cavities | Two hollow spaces lined with a mucous embrane and has a rich blood supply. |
| Cilia | These are tiny, hairlike structures which filter inhaled air to trap dust and other particles. These help move the mucous layer that lines the airways to push trapped particles toward the esophagus, where they can be swallowed. |
| Sinuses | Cavities in the skull that surround the nasal area. The cavities also provide resonance for the voice. |
| Pharynx | The throat. This is divided into three sections, the nasopharynx, the oropharynx, and the laryngopharynx. |
| Larynx | The voice box |
| Trachea | The winpipe |
| Bronchi | The trachea divides into two of these. Each enters a lung and carries air from the trachea to the lung |
| Bronchioles | Smallest branches of the bronchus |
| Alveoli | These are made up of one layer of squamous epithelial tissue and contain a rich network of blood capillaries, which allow oxygen and carbon dioxicde to be exchanged between the blood and the lungs. |
| Lungs | Major organs which store alveoli |
| Pleura | A membrane, or sac, which each lung is enclosed i |
| Ventilation | The process of breathing |
| Inspiration | The process of breathing in air |
| Expiration | The process of forcing out air |
| Respiration | The process of insipration and expiration |
| External Respiration | The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and bloodstream |
| Internal Respiration | The exchange of carbon dioxicde and oxygen between the tissue cells and the bloodstream |
| Cellular Respiration | The process of oxygen being carried to the tissue cells by the blood and the blood cells using the oxygen and nutrients to produce energy, water, and carbon dioxide |
| Asthma | A respiratory disorder usually caused by a sensitivity to an allergen such as dust, pollen, an animal, medications, or a food |
| Bronchitis | An inflammation of the bronchi and bronchial tubes |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | A term used to describe any chronic lung disease that results in obstruction of the airways |
| Emphysema | A noninfectious, chronic respiratory condition that occurs when the walls of the alveoli deteriorate and lose their elasticity |
| Epistaxis | A nosebleed |
| Influenza | The flu |
| Laryngitis | An inflammation of the larynx and vocal cords |
| Lung Cancer | The leading cause of cancer death in both men and women. It is a preventable disease because the main cause is exposure to carcinogens in tobacco, either through smoking or through exposure to "second-hand" smoke. |
| Pleurisy | An inflammation of the pleura of the lungs |
| Pneumonia | An inflammation or infection of the lungs characterized by exudate (a buildup of fluid) in the alveoli |
| Rhinitis | An inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane, resulting ina runny nose, watery eyes, sneezing, soreness, and congestion |
| Sinusitis | An inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the sinuses |
| Sleep Apnea | A condition in which an individual stops breathing while asleep |
| Tuberculosis | An infectious lung disease casued by the bacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| Upper Respiratory Infection | The common cold |
Created by:
haloblade10
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