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Earth Science Ch. 10

Vocabulary

TermDefinition
infiltration process by which precipitation that has fallen on land surfaces enters the ground and becomes groundwater.
zone of saturation region below Earth's surface where all pores of a material are completely filled with groundwater.
water table upper boundary of the zone of saturation that rises during wet seasons and drops during dry periods.
zone of aeration region above the water table where materials are moist, but pores contain mostly air.
permeability ability of a material to let water pass through, is high in material with large, well-connected pores and low in material with few pores or small pores.
aquifer permeable underground layer through which groundwater flows relatively easily.
aquiclude impermeable layer that is a barrier to groundwater; such as silt, clay, and shale.
spring natural discharge of groundwater at Earth's surface where an aquifer and an aquiclude come in contact.
hot spring thermal spring with temperatures higher than that of a human body.
geyser explosive hot spring that erupts regularly.
cave a natural underground opening connected to Earth's surface, usually formed when groundwater dissolves limestone.
sinkhole depression in Earth's surface formed when a cave collapses or bedrock is dissolved by acidic rain or moist soil.
karst topography irregular topography with sinkholes, sinks, and sinking streams caused by groundwater dissolution of limestone.
stalactite cone-shaped or cylindrical dripstone deposit of calcium carbonate that hangs like an icicle from a cave's ceiling.
stalagmite mound-shaped dripstone deposit of calcium carbonate that hangs like an icicle from a cave's ceiling.
Created by: cinthyatorres
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