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Unit 3F
Digestive System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Digestive system of the body is concerend with the ___ ___ of___ and_____ of nutrients | break down , food, absorbtion |
| the digestive system is also Referred as ? | Digestive tract, Gastrointestinal tract, Alimentary canal |
| The organs digestive system exist as a continuous tube extending from the ___ ___ to the ____ | Oral Cavity, Anus |
| A large, highly folded, serous membrane located in the abdomen is called the ? | Peritoneum |
| The 3 Peritoneal folds and membranes are ? | 1.Falciform Ligament 2.Greater Omentum 3. Mesentery |
| Peritoneal Folds & Membranes: this structure extends from the liver to the anterior abdominal wall | Falciform Ligament |
| The Falciform Ligament contains in its free edge the ? also known as (__ __ __) | The round ligament of the liver ( obliterated umbilical vein) |
| Peritoneal Folds & Membranes: This structure extends from the greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon, forming a fatty apron over the small intestine | Greater Omentum |
| Peritoneal Folds & Membranes: supports and suspends the jejunum and ileum | Mesentery |
| The digestive system consists of how many structures and how many accessory glands ? | 9 structures , 4 accessory glands |
| The 9 structures of the digestive system | 1. Oral Cavity (mouth) 2. Pharynx 3. Esophagus 4. Stomach 5. Small Intestine 6. ileocecal Junction 7. Large intestine (colon) 8. Rectum 9. Anus |
| The 4 Accessory glands of the digestive system | 1. Liver 2. Gall Bladder 3. Pancreas 4. Duct System |
| The Oral cavity is also referred to as the ? | Mouth |
| The oral cavity contains | tongue, teeth, and openings of salivary glands |
| a skeletal muscle organ that functions in the sense of taste, mastication, and movement of food | Tongue |
| How many teeth are there in adults ? and how many types of teeth ? | 32 , 4 types |
| What are the 4 types of teeth ? from medial to lateral | Incisors, canines (fangs) , Premolars, and molars |
| How many pairs of salivary glands are there ? | 3 pairs |
| What are the 3 pairs of salivary glands ? | Parotid gland, Submandibular gland, Sublingual gland |
| All of the salivary glands are ____ glands sine they are drained by a duct, all of which empty the gland secretions (_____) into the oral cavity | Exocrine,(SALIVA) |
| The pharynx is composed of ____ muscle | Skeletal |
| Functions of the Pharynx (in the Digestive system) | swallowing |
| the pharynx divides in to how many parts , and what are they ? | 3 divisons , Nasopharynx, Osopharynx, Laryngopharynx |
| The nasopharynx is Posterior to the ? | nasal cavity |
| The oropharynx is Posterior to the ? | Oral cavity |
| The laryngopharynx is Posterior to ? | Larynx |
| The Laryngopharynx is continuous with the ? | Esophagus |
| What is the Laryngopharynx clinically called ? | Hypopharynx |
| the esophagus is a ______ tube extending _#_ cm from the lower end of the_____ above to the cardiac opening of the stomach below | muscular , 30 cm, pharynx |
| the 3 regions of the esophagus | Cervical, thoracic, abdominal |
| _____ : region of the esophagus in the neck where it lies _____ to the trachea | Cervical, posterior |
| ____ : region of the esophagus in the thorax where it lies POSTERIOR to the_______ in the upper half and POSTERIOR to the_____ in the lower half of the thorax | Thoracic, Trachea, heart |
| _____ : region of the esophagus after piercing the diaphragm at the_______ opening of the diaphragm is enters the______. | Abdominal, esophageal, Abdomen |
| The abdominal region of the esophagus runs a very ____ course in the abdomen and terminates by joining the______ (gastroesophageal junction) | short, stomach |
| The stomach is the digestive organ responsible for the _____ of ____. | Storage, Food |
| 3 parts of the Stomach | Fundus, Body, Pyloric Part |
| the part of the stomach above the level of entrance of the esophagus | Fundus |
| part of the stomach located between the fundus and the pyloric part, it consists of the main mass of the stomach | Body |
| part of the stomach that extends towards the right from the lower part of the stomach | Pyloric part |
| the pyloric part of the stomach ends at the | Pyloric opening |
| the pyloric opening is the opening between the_____ and the first part of the______. | stomach, duodenum |
| the pyloric opening is surrounded by a _____ smooth muscle called the ____ _____ | Circular, Pyloric sphincter |
| how many curvatures in the stomach ? what are they ? | 2 , Greater & Lesser curvature |
| margin of the stomach that courses over the fundus and inferiorly on the left side of the stomach to inferior side of the pyloris | Greater Curvature |
| The Greater curvature is a ____ curve | Convex |
| margin of the stomach that is located on the right side of the stomach | Lesser Curvature |
| The Lesser curvature is a ____ curve | Concave |
| how many openings in the stomach ? and what are they ? | 2 , Cardiac & the Pyloric opening |
| the opening of the stomach between the cavity of the esophagus and the cavity of the stomach ? | Cardiac opening |
| the cardiac opening is located at the_____ junction of the _____ curvature and the ___ curvature | upper, greater, lesser |
| the is the cardiac opening called "cardiac" because of the close relationship with the part of the _______ upon which the heart rests on | diaphragm |
| Opening between the stomach and the first part of the duodenum | Pyloric opening |
| The internal surface of the stomach has folds called _____, that increase the ____ ____ | Ruggae , surface area |
| ____ ____ is the part of the intestine between the pyloric sphincter and the iliocecal junction | Small intestine |
| the small intestine starts/connects to the stomach at the ? | Pyloric sphincter |
| The small intestine ends/ Joins the large intestine at the ? | iliocecal junction |
| The small intestine is approx _#_ meters in length | 7 m |
| The diameter of the small intestine ____ though its length | Diminishes |
| the small intestine has how many subdivisions and what are they ? | 3, Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum |
| The first part of the small intestine and extends from the pyloric sphincter to where is joins the jejunum | Duodenum |
| The duodenum is a __ shaped organ with its concave _____ border receiving the openings of ducts draining the___ , ____ and____. | C, medial, liver,gallbladder, pancreas |
| the proximal 2/5 of the small of the remainder of the small intestine | jejunum |
| the distal 3/5 of the remainder of the small intestine | ileum |
| the junction of the ileum portion of the small intestine and cecum of the large intestine | ileocecal junction |
| The part of the intestine that extends from the ileocecal junction to the anus | Large intestine |
| The large intestine is also called the ? | colon |
| the large intestine has how many subdivisions ? | 6 |
| what are the 6 subdivisions of the large intestine ? | 1.Cecum 2. Appendix 3. Ascending Colon 4. Transverse Colon 5. Descending Colon 6. Sigmoid Colon |
| part of the large intestine that lies at and below the level of entrance of the ileum | Cecum |
| a lymphatic organ attached to the postero-medial surface of the cecum | Appendix |
| portion of the large intestine that extends superiorly from the right side of the posterior abdominal wall to the liver | Ascending Colon |
| Since the the ascending colon CANT course above the liver , it bends forming the ____ ___ or also called _____ _____ , courses to the left | Right Colic, Heptic Flexure |
| Portion of the large intestine that extends from the right colic flexure on the right side of the abdomen to the spleen on the left side | Transverse colon |
| When the transverse colon reaches the spleen, it will bend and course inferiorly forming the ____ ____ also called ____ ____ | Left colic , Splenic Flexure |
| Portion of the large intestine, which extends from the left colic flexure inferiorly along the left side of the posterior abdominal. | Descending colon |
| part of the large intestine, which extends from the descending colon to the PELVIS, where it is continous with the rectum | Sigmoid Colon |
| the sigmoid colon forms a____ , the shape and position of which depend upon the degree of the____ | Loop, filling |
| The portion of the digestive system between the sigmoid colon and the anus | Rectum |
| the rectum narrows INFERIORLY forming the ______ canal | Anal |
| ____ is a sphincteric muscle is located at the termination of the anal canal, which functions in the retention of ____. | Anus, feces |
| What is the largest Gland in the body | Liver |
| The Liver is an____ gland that produces___, which is conveyed via hepatic ducts to the ____ | exocrine, bile, duodenum |
| how many lobes in the liver ? | 4 |
| the 4 lobes of the liver are ? | Right, Left, Quadrate, Caudate |
| The structures that enter and exit the liver are ? | Right and left hepatic arteries, Portal vein, R+L hepatic ducts |
| The structures that enter and exit the liver do so at the _____ _____ , at the junction of the 4 lobes , The hepatic veins ____ ___ here | Porta Hepatis , DONT EXIT |
| The gall means | Bile |
| the gall bladder is located on the visceral surface of the ____ between the __ lobe and the ____ lobe | Liver, Right , Quadrate |
| Bile is ___ and ___ in the gall bladder | Stored, concentrated |
| The pancreas is both ____ and ____ gland | endocrine, exocrine |
| the pancreas eXocrine functions , it produces ____ _____ that pass via a duct to the duodenum | Digestive enzymes |
| The pancreas eNdocrine functions , it produces the hormones ___, ___ ,___ | insulin, glucagon, somatostatin |
| the 3 anatomical parts of the pancreas | Head, Body , Tail |
| The ____ of the pancreas is located in the concavity of the duodenum | Head |
| The ____ of the pancreas courses from the head toward the left across the vertebrae. | Body |
| The ____ of the pancreas, the left end of the gland, which courses approximates the spleen | Tail |
| The ___ System drains bile and pancreatic juices | Duct |
| Which duct drains the right half of the liver ? | The Right Hepatic Duct |
| Which duct drains the left half of the liver ? | The Left Hepatic Duct |
| The R+L Hepatic ducts join to form the ______ hepatic duct | Common |
| Which duct drains the gallbladder ? | Cystic Duct |
| The cystic duct joins the common hepatic duct to form the ? | Bile Duct |
| The bile duct is also called the ? | Common Bile Duct |
| The Bile duct joins the ____ pancreatic duct at the ___-___ ___ . this drains into the ____ duodenal papilla in the duodenum. | Main, Hepto-Pancreatic Ampulla, Major |
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