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ASTR Chapter 6 Book

QuestionAnswer
What is a galaxy? An enormous collection of stars and gas and dust held together in space by the force of gravity.
If you could fly across our Galaxy from one side to the other at light speed how long would the trip take? 100, 000 years
What would you expect the mass of the whole milky way galaxy to be if it were concentrated in stars like our sun? over 200 billion times the Sun's mass, or more than 4X10^41 kg
What is it important in the theory of stellar evolution to know what interstellar matter consists of in any epoch? Interstellar matter is the aw material for new stars and planets
Some nebulas are given fanciful names according to their appearances. What is the "horse's head" actually made of? Relatively dense concentrations of interstellar dust.
How does the stellar evolution theory explain the difference between population 1 and 2 stars. Explain Population 2? A stars core composition evolves, but its atmosphere does not. Core and atmosphere usually don't mix. Pop 2 stars formed out of primal hydrogen and helium.
What is particularly interesting about regions of relatively dense gas concentrations in our galaxy? Stars are forming in these regions
How does the stellar evolution theory explain the difference between population 1 and 2 stars. Explain Population 1? A stars core composition evolves, but its atmosphere does not. Core and atmosphere usually don't mix. Pop 1 stars formed generations later out of dust and gas enriched by elements manufactured in stars and ejected by supernova's and stellar winds.
What would this model of galaxy formation predict The oldest? Hydrogen and helium, the elements present as raw materials at the time our galaxy was new.
What would this model of galaxy formation predict The youngest stars in our galaxy to be made of? Hydrogen, helium, and the other 90 naturally occurring elements.
To appreciate what close means for galaxies, estimate how many Milky Way Galaxies you could line up next to each other between us and our neighbor adromeda Galaxy? 25. Distance to Andromenday Galaxy / Diameter of Milky Way Galaxy = 2,500,000 ly / 100,000 ly = 25
For table 6.2 about galaxies What summarizes the data so far? p.165 Spirals contain both old and young stars, they have visible gas and dust between the stars to make new stars.
For table 6.2 about galaxies, P. 165, state two differences between spiral and elliptical galaxies? Elliptical's contain old stars; they have little visible interstellar gas and dust.
What is a quasars? small extraordinarily luminous objects
What is a protogalaxy? galaxy in formation
How did galaxies form? Theory says that dark matter clumped into regions of slightly higher density in the early universe. It then collected gas that contracted rapidly to build star clusters and small galaxies merged.
What is the largest type of structure in the universe? Supercluster of galaxies
In figure 6.18 Pg 168, what is a likely explanation of the violent activity in the galaxy shown? A black hole at the galaxy's center
What do you think might happen to life on Earth if our Galaxy collided with another galaxy? Probably nothing. The stars and their possible planets are separated by such vast distances inside galaxies that two galaxies can pass through each other without their stars ever coming into contact with each other (no collisions have ever been seen)
Why might a galaxy emit most of its energy at infrared wavelengths? The galaxy may be the product of a collision between two gas-rich galaxies and thus have an unusually high rate of star formation.
What is a starburst galaxy? one in which stars are forming at a rate of hundreds of times greather than in our galaxy, often shines strongest at infrared wave-lengths. Some have two different galactic centers, which indicates they result from collision of two gas-rich spiral galaxie
What are infrared galaxies active galaxies that shine brightest at infrared wavelengths
What is Einstein's general relativity theory? A theory of gravitation, starlight passing near a massive body is deflected.
Define a galaxy? an enormous collection of stars and gas and dust held together in space by the force of gravity.
Arrange the following in order of increasing size: star, planet, galaxy, cluster of galaxies, open cluster, super-cluster, solar system Planet, Star, solar system, open cluster, galaxy, cluster of galaxies, super cluster.
Which of the following have been identified in the interstellar medium: Hydrogen gas, radiation, bacteria, tiny solid dust particles, viruses, water vapor, spirits, gases of elements heavier than hydrogen, organic molecultes, algae? Hydrogen gas, radiation, tiny solid dust particles, water vapor, gases of elements heavier than hydrogen, organic molecules.
Why is it important in the theory of stellar evolution to know what interstellar matter consist of in any epoch (period of life)? Interstellar matter is the raw material for new stars and planets
Refer to figure 6.9 pg. 156 Is the space behind the "horse's head" really empty of stars? No. The "Horses Head is a dark nebula. It is a relatively dense concentration of interstellar matter whose dust absorbs or scatters starlight and hides stars that are behind it from our view.
Why is the 21 CM radio radiation emitted by hydrogen atoms more useful than visible light in mapping the structure of our Milky Way Galaxy? Radio waves pass through the interstellar dust in the disk of the MIlky Way Galaxy much more effectively than visible light rays.
What is the most distant object visible to the unaided eye? Andromeda Galaxy
How long does it take light emitted from that object to reach your eyes? Around 2.5 million years
List the main shape of galaxies in the Hubble classification scheme, and explain why they cannot represent successive stages of galaxies' evolution? Elliptical, spiral, irregular. All contain old stars, so all must be equally old. ESI
What is the most popular explanation for the colossal energy output of active galaxies? A very massive object, probably a black hole, at the galaxy's center.
Shows the largest redshift known? Quaser
The clouds of gas and dust here are much more dense? Colliding galaxies
Radiograph shows to larch patches emitting radio waves on opposite sides of a visible galaxy located between them> Radio Galaxy
Has a relatively small brilliant nucleus with broad emission lines in it's spectrum? Seyfert galaxy
Its luminosity can be explained as the composite of a collection of many individual stars? Normal galaxy
Created by: enduringgrace
 

 



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