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Digestive System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Digestion | the process of changing food products into usable substances |
| Absorption | the transfer of nutrients into the blood stream |
| Defecation | the elimination of indigestible materials and waste from the body |
| Ingestion | the process of taking food into the digestive tract |
| Propulsion | the process of moving food through the alimentary canal (swallowing) |
| Chemical Digestion | the catabolic process in which large food molecules are broken down into smaller molecules by enzymatic hydrolysis |
| Mechanical Digestion | the physical preparation of food for chemical digestion; chewing; mastication: the mixing of food with saliva by the tongue, churning and mixing of food in stomach, and segmentation in the intestines |
| Saliva | Begins chemical digestion in the mouth |
| Gingivitis | inflammation of the gums |
| Pyorrhea | inflammation of tooth sockets |
| Gastritis | inflammation of the lining of the stomach |
| Stomatitis | inflammation of the lining of the mouth |
| Hepatitis | inflammation of the liver |
| Cholecystitis | inflammation of the gall bladder |
| Pancreatitis | inflammation of the pancreas |
| Appendicitis | inflammation of the appendix |
| Cholelithiasis | the presence of stones in the gall bladder |
| Cirrhosis | a chronic disease in which normal liver cells are replaced by scar tissue |
| Mumps | a viral infection of the salivary glands |
| Flatulence | excessive amount of gas in the stomach or intestine |
| Nausea | stomach distress with an urge to vomit |
| Heartburn | a burning sensation in the anterior part of the stomach |
| Ulcer | an area of the lining of the stomach or small intestine in which the tissues are gradually disintegrating |
| Vomiting | reverse peristalsis causing ejection of the stomach contents through the mouth (throwing up) |
| Constipation | abnormal delay in, or infrequent bowel movement |
| Diarrhea | abnormally frequent, watery bowel movements |
| Esophagus | tube connecting the pharynx and stomach |
| Appendix | a small, blind tube extending from the large intestine at the junction of the small and large intestines. Its function is not understood |
| Stomach | receives swallowed food, secretes gastric juices, mixes food with gastric juices, and absorbs some drugs, water, and alcohol |
| Small Intestine | completes the digestion of food begun in the stomach; the end products of digestion are absorbed into the blood and lymph |
| Large Intestine | absorbs water and eliminates waste products of digestion through the anus |
| Liver | secretes bile and forms antibodies |
| Gall Bladder | stores and concentrates bile; ejects bile into the duodenum as needed during digestion |
| Mouth | The functions are speech and the reception of food and preparation of it for digestion |
Created by:
csavony
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