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Ch. 6 Vocab Quiz
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Earthquake | a series of low-frequency shock waves, traveling through the earth |
Stress | is a measure of force exerted within an object |
Compression | forces that crush |
Tension | forces that pull |
Shear | push or pull in opposite directions |
Divergent Boundaries | plates are moving apart |
Convergent Boundaries | plates are moving toward each other |
Transform Boundaries | plates slide past each other in the opposite direction |
Strain | any change in a solid under stress |
Joint | cracks that form in a rock due to stress factors |
Fault | occurs when sections of rock on opposite sides of the crack move relative to each other |
Strike | the compass direction of a fault |
Dip | the angle of the fault |
Dip-Slip Fault | when a fault's motion is parallel to its dip |
Normal Fault | when the block above the fault surface dropped in relation to the block under the fault |
Reverse Fault | when the upper block rose in relation to the lower block |
Strike-Slip Fault | when the motion along the fault is horizontal |
Seiesmometer | instruments that detect earthquake waves |
P Wave | fastest body wave, relatively small amplitudes and short wavelengths, travel through both solid and liquid rock in the earth's interior |
S Wave | much larger amplitude, and much stronger but slower wavelengths,they travel through the earth's interior and are called body waves |
Surface Wave | they reach the seismic station last and travel along the earth's surface |
Focus | the center of an earthquake's activity |
Epicenter | the point on the earth's surface directly above the place the earthquake actually occurs |
Richter Scale | A familiar system of reporting the magnitude or energy of an earthquake |
Magnitude | the measure of an earthquake's energy |
intensity | is a measure of of how much damage actually results from the earthquake |
Tsunami | forms when seismic waves shake a body of water |