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Social Studies Quest
Test Date:11-12-14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| R A P P S | Religion, Assembly, Press, Petition, and Speech |
| 1777 | Turning Point of the Revolution as Patriots win battle of Saratoga |
| 1781 | Articles of Confederation go into effect. British surrender at Yorktown |
| 1783 | Joseph II allows religious freedom for Christians in Austria |
| 1783 | Treaty of Paris ends the Revolutionary War |
| 1786-1787 | Shay's Rebellion in Massachusetts |
| 1788 | U.S. Constitution is ratified |
| 1789 | George Washington becomes our first president of the United States |
| 1789 | French Revolution begins |
| 1791 | Bill of Rights ratified |
| Our first formal plan of government | Articles of Confederation |
| What is the significance of the Battle of Saratoga | a turning point in the war because our victory convinced the French we could possibly win the Revolutionary War and they offered help |
| What happened in Yorktown | Washington and the French navy cut Cornwallis off |
| Why did we not help the French people in the French Revolution? | We did not have the power to go against them after the impact of the Revolutionary War |
| What did Thomas Jefferson think about Shay's Rebellion | “I hold it that a little rebellion now and then is a good thing… The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants. It is as natural as manure.” -Thomas Jefferson |
| why did Our founding fathers made the seven principals of the constitution? | They were brilliant and wanted the government to be different from England |
| Popular Sovereignty | Government's authority comes from the people and reflects their will Enlightenment thinkers (John Locke) founding (1632-1704) fathers believed in it |
| Enlightenment was ... | a rebirth of thinking and arts, science, and the way people thought about more important |
| What is Republicanism | people elect their representatives to make laws (Representative Democracy)... we have a republic or representative democracy and we do not vote for Supreme Court Justices |
| E pluribus Unum means... | Latin: from many, come one |
| Federalism is... | E pluribus Unum, power is shared between federal, national and the states. |
| Separation of Power was the... | framers deliberately pitting each branch against another; lessons efficacy but it guards against abuse • shows brilliance of founding fathers • prevents one branch or person from getting too powerful |
| 3 Branches of Government (Power) are_________. What do they do? | Executive, President- enforces laws Legislative- Bicameral, Congress- makes laws (Senate and House of Reps.) Judicial, Supreme Court- Interprets laws |
| Bicameral means... | 2 houses (Senate and House of Representatives) |
| Checks and Balances | “It is a way to keep each other in the proper places”- James Madison each branch has the authority to check the other two Congress makes the laws but it must be signed by the President to be made a law |
| Limited Government | (1787) most Americans were still afraid of a president that would act like a king, everyone (all citizens and political leaders) must obey the law |
| WHAT ARE PROTECTED by the bill of rights | individual rights |
| Who was at the Constitutional Convention? | George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, James Madison, and others… |
| When was the Constitutional Convention? | May 1787 |
| Who formed the Virginia Plan? | Edmund Randolph |
| Virginia Plan states | Government to have 3 branches- legislative to make laws, executive to enforce the laws, and judicial to interpret the laws Two house legislature |
| Two house legislature | number of reps would be based on states population and wealth. It would have the power to levy taxes and regulate commerce |
| Larger states favored the _______________. Smaller states favored the_____________. | Virginia Plan, New Jersey Plan |
| Who formed the New Jersey Plan? | William Paterson |
| The New Jersey Plan states | One house legislature- each state would have one vote. It would have the power to regulate trade and raise money by taxing foreign goods. |
| The Great Compromise | For smaller states, each state had an equal number of votes in the Senate (2). For larger states, House of Representative was based on the state population. |
| When did the Great Compromise pass? | July 16, 1787 |
| ___________wanted slaves to count in general population for representation, not taxation. ___________said slaves were not citizens and should not be counted for representation but should count for should count for taxation. | Southerners, Northerners |
| Three Fifth Compromise | 3/5 of the slave population would be counted for taxes and for determining representation o Northerners wanted slavery banned throughout the nation but southerners disagreed o They compromised that Congress could not ban the slave trade until 1808 |
| Delegates voted in support for the Constitution | September 15, 1787 |
| What does implied mean | assumed, “understood”, “unwritten” |
| Why did the federalist not think the Bill of Rights was needed? | it was implied |
| Elastic Clause | expanded the power of the Congress/ allows future generations to expand the meaning of the constitution |
| Why did the founding fathers make the elastic clause? | The founding fathers were smart enough to know that America would forever change Examples of these changes- science, climate, religion, education, technology, belief systems, and more to come |
| 1st amendment | Religion- can't break the law Assembly- peaceful Press- can't write things they know are untrue- libel Petition- can write and complain Speech- can't say things they know are not true- slander,can't endanger someone or a group |
| 2nd amendment | Guarantees states right to keep a militia and individuals the right to own a gun |
| 3rd amendment | People have certain privacy rights in their own homes; among them are the government cannot force you to house soldiers, in times of peace (Quartering Act). |
| 4th amendment | Ensures that searches are to be conducted only when a police officer believes there is a “probable cause” to search, or if they have a warrant issued by a judge. Supreme Court has ruled that evidence seized illegally may not be used in court |
| 5th amendment | 1. To bring a “presentment” or “indictment” means to charge committing a crime, a function of a jury to conclude whether there is enough evidence to bring an person to trial 2. A person may not be charged twice for the same crime (double jeopardy) |
| 6th amendment | An accused will not be held in jail a lengthy period of time prior to their trial. Trial must be open to the public |
| 7th amendment | “Common Law” means the law established by previous court decisions usually, federal do not hear the cases unless they involve a good deal more money than the $20 mentioned in the 7th amendment |
| 8th amendmnet | “Bail” is money that an accused person provides to the court to guarantee that he or she will be present at their trial. This amendment protects the accused from bail or punishment that is unreasonably severe/ “cruel and unusual” … Death Penalty??? |
| 9th amendment | This amendment provides that the people’s right are not limited to those mentioned in the Constitution |
| 10th amendment | Protects the states and people from the all-powerful federal government. It serves on the “necessary and proper” power of the federal government provided in the “Elastic Clause”. |
| 13th amendment | Final act of slavery in the United States |
| 14th amendment | By granting citizenship to all the persons born in the United States, this amendment granted citizenship to former slaves • There are three parts to this amendment |
| 15th amendment | Granted African Americans the right to vote a. Physical threats b. Literacy tests c. Poll tests |
| 18th amendment | Prohibited the production, sale, or transportation of alcoholic beverages in the United States |
| 19th amendment | Women’s suffrage- gave women the right to vote |
| 21st amendment | Nullified the 18th amendment. It is the only amendment ever passed to overturn an earlier amendment |
| 24th amendment | A “poll tax” was a fee that persons were required to pay in order to vote in a number of southern states. This amendment ended poll taxes as a requirement to vote. |
| What is the president’s yearly salary? | $400,000 |
| What does tender mean? | money |
| Who does the Executive Branch check on due to checks and balances? | The Courts- appoints federal judges and can grant reprieves and pardons and The Congress- can veto acts, call special sessions, and suggest laws |
| What requirements are there to be a natural born citizen? | You must be citizen born in the United States or a U.S. commonwealth or to parents who are U.S. citizens living outside the country |
| What is a quorum? | The minimum number of members that must be present for official business to take place |
| How many years is the Supreme Court Justices term? | No limit |
| What does pro tempore mean? | For time being |
| Who are electors? | Voters |
| What is suffrage? | The right to vote |
| What are the five parts of the first amendment? | Religion, Assembly, Press, Petition, and Speech |
| What state has the most electoral votes? | California |
| What does the Elastic Clause allow? | Allows future generations to expand the meaning of the constitution |
| What are the required ages for Representative, Senator, President, and Supreme Court Justice? | 25, 30, 35, None |
| Give two examples of shared powers of the nation and the state. | Collect taxes borrow money |
| What is the Speaker of the House and Vice Presidents salary? | $175,400 |
| electors | voters |
| enumeration | an official count, such as a census |
| impeachment | the process of accusing a public official of wrongdoing |
| pro tempore | for the time being |
| indictment | a written statement issued by the rand jury charging a person with a crime |
| quorum | The minimum number of members that must be present for official business to take place |
| naturalization | a way to give full citizenship to a person of foreign birth |
| tribunals | courts |
| felonies | serious crimes |
| appropriation | public funds set aside for a specific purpose |
| militia | an emergency military force (such as the NAtional Guard) that is not part of the regular army |
| ex post facto law | a law that would make an act a criminal offense after it was commited |
| tender | money |
| How often are representatives elected? Are there limits on the number of times a person serves? | Representatives are elected every two terms. There are no limits on the number of terms a person serves. |
| Some delegates thought that it should be based on wealth and population others thought that it should just be based on population. In the end, wealth was not included. What is it? | representation |
| how long does a representative serve? | 2 years |
| how long does a senator serve? | 6 years |
| how long does a president serve? | 4 years |
| how long does a supreme court justice serve? | unlimited |
| What do senate rules allow for? What tactic do they use to block the passing of a new bill? | allow for debate on the floor. Using filibustering, senators give long speeches to block the passing of a new bill |
| What are senators paid per year? | $136,700 |
| Who can declare war? | only congress |
| what is Habeas Corpus | a legal order that protects people from being held in jail without formal charges of a crime |
| What allowed congress to collect income tax | the 16th amendment allowed congress to collect an income tax (a direct tax on the amount of money a person earns). |
| Titles of nobility | the list of grievances in the Declaration of Independence included numerous examples of King George the thirds abuses of power |
| Natural Born Citizen | a citizen born in the United States or a U.S. commonwealth or to parents who are U.S. citizens living outside the country |
| Affirmation | a statement declaring that something is true |
| Reprieves | delays or cancellations of punishment |
| Convene | call together |
| Misdemeanors | violations of the law |
| Inferior Courts | courts with less authority than the Supreme Court |
| Appellate | having power to review court decisions |
| Immunities | legal protections |
| Suffrage | right to vote |
| Who chooses the president directly? | American voters do not choose their president directly. Members of a group called the Electoral College actually elect the president. Each state has electors. Together they form the Electoral College. |
| How many electoral votes does New Jersey have? | 15 |
| What is presidential succession? | Presidential succession is the vice-president taking the place of the president if he or she dies. |
| Who do presidents add to the supreme court sometimes? | Presidents have used their power of appointment to add minorities and women to the Supreme Court. |
| What speech does the president give yearly? | the state of union |
| what does judicial power do? | it gives the Supreme Court and other federal courts the authority to hear certain kinds of cases |
| what does judicial review do? | it allows the Supreme Court and other federal courts to play a key role in lawmaking. The judges examine a law or government activity. They then decide whether it violates to Constitution. |
| What does extradition state? | Persons charged with serious crimes cannot escape punishment by fleeing to another state. They must return to the first state and stand trial there |
| Federalism | Americans live under both national and state governments |
| What are steps for amending the constitution? | proposing amendments and ratifying amendments |
| What did federalist think of the consitution? | they favored it |
| what did anti federalists think of the power of the thirteen states? | strong supported power and influence of states |
| What did federalists think of the bill of rights | did not think it was necessary thought it was implied |
| What did the anti federalists think of the articles of confederation | articles needed to amended, not abandoned |
| What did federalists want in terms of the size of the nation | a large republic was seen as the best protection for individual freedoms |
| Who were the federalists | large farmers, merchants, artisans |
| who were the anti federalists | small farmers, often from rural areas |
Created by:
gehrules
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