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6th Grade

Plate Tectonics

QuestionAnswer
The earth's crust and the very top of the mantle. Lithosphere
The hotter, softer layer of rock on which the plates rest. asthenosphere
Earth is broken into 10-12 giant slabs of rock. tectonic plates
Alfred Wegener proposed a hypothesis which states that the continents are gradually moving apart and were once joined together. continental drift
When crust is destroyed and one plate slides under the other. subduction
Crust is neither created or destroyed along this type of boundry. transform
New crust is formed along this type of boundry where magma pushes up and hardens between separating plates. divergent
A fracture or break in earth's lithosphere, along which blocks of rock move past each other, this is where earthquakes begin. fault
The shaking of the ground,a sudden release caused by stress in the lithosphere. earthquake
The type of fault is when a block of rock above the moves down below the bottom rock, causing the blocks to separate. normal
This type of fault is when the blocks of rock on either side of the fault scrape past each other horizontally. strike slip
The point on the earth's surface above where rocks first start to move during an earthquake. epicenter
The energy of an earthquake travels outward in all directions from the focus in ________ waves. seismic
An instrument that constantly detects and records ground movement is called a ____________. seismograph
Most earthquakes occur ____________________. along tectonic plate boundaries.
The type of seismic waves that travel the fastest. primary waves
This scale rates the amount of damage done by an earthquake in a specific location on a scale from I-XII. Mercalli scale
This scale estimates an earthquake's magnitude on a scale of 1-10. Richter
The type of seismic wave that travels the fastest. primary
The type of wave that causes the ground to shake by making rock sway from side to side and roll like an ocean wave surface
This technology can be used in tall buildings to reduce earthquake damage. crossbars
An earthquake on the ocean floor can cause seismic sea waves called _______________ tsunamis
Most of the world's active volcanoes are located in the "Ring of Fire" around this plate. Pacific Plate
This type of volcano has violent explosions of rock, ash and cinders that are followed by slower oozing of lava, making it steep at the top and gently sloping at the bottom. composite
The Hawaiian Islands were formed over _________ where heated rock rises in plumes, or thin columns from the mantle. The Pacific Plate carries each volcano away from the area causing new islands to form. hot spots
Created by: Mrs. Corey
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