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Ch. 10 study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. What is the difference between mechanical and chemical weathering? | Mechanical weathering is the breakdown of rock into smaller pieces by physical means, and The process by which rocks break down as a result of chemical reactions is called chemical weathering. |
| . Describe the weathering processes of each chemical weathering agent. | water dissolves things, acidity in rainwater can cause weathering of rock,groundwater contains weak acids,that react with rocks in the ground, Lichens produce acids that can slowly break down rock,and oxygen causes things to rust |
| . Describe the weathering processes of each mechanical weathering agent. | Ice wedging freezes in cracks then expands and cracks the rock, Abrasion is the grinding and wearing away of rock ,Plants send roots in cracks then grow and widen the crack,animals burrow through the soil and move soil particles around. |
| What is the most important and most common agent of chemical weathering? Why do you think? 10-1 | Water because it dissolves things and is a very strong chemical agent |
| 5. What is the difference between weathering, abrasion, erosion, and deposition? | Weathering is the process by which rock materials are broken down by the action of physical or chemical processes. |
| 6. What are the two most important factors in determining the rate of weathering? | Climate and temperature |
| How do hotter temperatures and wet climates affect the rate of weathering? | it makes it go slower |
| 8. What are the horizons of a soil profile? What letter represents each horizon? What is found in each horizon? | Liter, Topsoil, Subsoil,weathered rock and Bedrock. liter=o,,subsoil=B,Weathered rock=C, and Bedrock=R. Topsoil=Humus and minerals,Subsoil=clay,Weathered rock= small bits of rock, and bedrock= bigger pieces of rock |
| . What layer of soil would you find the most humus | Topsoil |
| Which horizon does soil formation begin? | Horizon A or Topsoil |
| List some examples of decomposers and explain why they are important for soil? 10-3 | worms and moles poop and fertilize the soil |
| . Which soil horizon layer forms last? | Topsoil |
| What is humus | humus, which is the organic material formed in soil from the decayed remains of plants and animals. |
| . What is soil? | a loose mixture of small mineral fragments, water, and air that can support the growth of vegetation |
| Which horizon is called the parent material? 10-3 | Horizon c or weathered rock |
| What does it mean if soil is fertile? (10-3) | it is rich in nutrients |
| . Compare the particle sizes of sand, clay, and silt. 10-3 | sand is the smallest then silt,and finally clay is the largest |
| . Why is it good to have permeable soil or rocks? | so soil will be fertile and crops can grow |
| Define soil conservation. 10-4 | Soil conservation is a method to maintain the fertility of the soil by protecting the soil from erosion and nutrient loss. |
| What are the 5 soil conservation techniques? Describe how each is used to conserve soil. Basic info. 10-4 | contour plowing rows act as a series of dams.Terracing changes fields into a series of smaller, flatter fields.No-till farming, leaves old stalks. Cover crops are planted to replace nutrients,and crop rotation prevents nutrients from being depleted |
Created by:
Dunisha
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