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6 SC Soil Test
6th grade science soil test questions and answers
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What soil conservation method is when farmers plant across slopes instead of up and down hills. | Contour Plowing |
| What soil conservation method is when instead of planting the same crop year after year in the field, farmers change the crop each year. This slows down nutrient depletion. | Crop Rotation |
| What soil conservation method is when rows of tress and shrubs that are properly located that slow down, direct, and block winds. | Wind Breaks |
| What soil conservation method is when you change a very steep hill into a series of smaller, flatter fields. | Terracing |
| What soil conservation method is when you plant alternate rows of tall and short crops. | Strip Cropping |
| What soil conservation method is when farmers plow only the the sub soil leaving the roots in place. | Conservation Plowing |
| What soil conservation method is when farmers don't plant a field for a while to allow the soil to regain the nutrients it lost. | Leaving the Land Fallow |
| What soil conservation method is when farmers leave the dead stalks to give back the nutrients. | No Till Farming |
| What are the 3 things that change the land. | Agriculture, Development, and Mining. |
| What is the construction of homes, stores, office buildings, roads, bridges, and other structures. | Development |
| What is the type of mining that causes the top layer of soil to be stripped away. | Strip Mining |
| What is it called when a land that is fertile turns into desert like conditions. | Desertification |
| What type of weathering causes chemical changes in the rock. | Chemical Weathering |
| What weathering causes physical changes in the rock like size and shape. | Mechanical Weathering |
| What are the 5 agents of chemical weathering. | Water, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Living Things, and Acid Rain |
| What are the 5 agents of mechanical weathering. | Ice Wedging, Abrasion, Plants, Animal Actions, and Release of Pressure |
| What agent of chemical weathering can dissolve rocks. | Water |
| What type of chemical weathering combines with iron and water to cause OXIDATION. Rust forms from oxidation. | Oxygen |
| What type of chemical weathering dissolves in rain water and creates a CARBONIC ACID. | Carbon Dioxide |
| Carbonic acid easily weathers what rock. | Limestone |
| What type of chemical weathering happens when lichens that grow on rock produce weak acids that chemically weather the rock. | Living Things |
| What type of chemical weathering happens when compounds from burning fossil fuels react chemically with water that form acids. Causes very rapid chemical weathering. | Acid Rain |
| What type of mechanical weathering happens when water seeps in cracks in rock, freezes, expands, and forms a wedge. The wedge breaks the rock apart. The ice melts and seeps deeper into the rock. | Ice Wedging |
| Ice wedging can make a rock's crack ------ or---------. | Wider or Deeper |
| What type of mechanical weathering happens when sand and rock particles are carried by the wind, the particles act like sand paper, and hit against rock, wearing away exposed surfaces. | Abrasion |
| What are key words that describe abrasion. | Grinding, and scratching |
| What type of mechanical weathering happens when plant roots grow into small cracks in rock, the roots get bigger and forces the rock farther apart. | Plants |
| What type of mechanical weathering happens when animals burrow in the ground, they loosen soil and break apart rock in the soil. | Animal Actions |
| What type of mechanical weathering happens when erosion moves materials off the top of a rock. The pressure inside the rock below is reduced. The release of the pressure causes the outside of the rock to crack and flake (fall apart). | Release of Pressure |
| The cracking and flaking of the rock from release of pressure is like a --------. | An Onion |
| What is weathering. | The breaking down of rock on Earth's surface |
| What element in rock mixes with oxygen to undergo oxidation. | Iron |
| What does weathering help make. | Soil |
| What helps oxidation happen faster. | Water and warm temperatures |
| What determines how fast a rock weathers. | Climate, elevation, and the makeup/ what type of rock and the permeability |
| How does the surface area of a rock affect the rate of weathering. | The more surface that is exposed, the faster it will weather |
| What type of climate speeds up the rate of chemical weathering. | Warm, humid climates |
| What does permeable mean. | Water can flow through it easily |
| What does elevation mean. | The height above sea level |
| What are the 3 main forces of abrasion. | Wind, water, and gravity |
| What causes a lot of weathering. ( is a decomposer) | Earthworms. |
| What and what cancel each other out. | Surface area and volume. |
| What US land form looks the way it does because of differential weathering. | Devil's Tower |
| What is the process when softer rocks wear away and leave harder rocks behind. | Differential weathering |
| What is the dark-colored substance that forms when plant and animal remains decay. | Humus |
| What is the dead leaves and plant parts that cover the ground. | Litter |
| What is the soil texture from largest to smallest. | Gravel, sand, silt, clay |
| What is a layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above or below it. | Soil Horizon |
| What soil layer is a crumbly, dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus, clay, and other minerals. | Topsoil (A horizon) |
| What soil layer usually consists of clay and other particles washed down from the topsoil. | Subsoil (B horizon) |
| What soil layer contains only partly weathered rock. | Horizon C |
| What soil layer is the solid layer of rock beneath the soil. | Bedrock |
| What contributes the most to humus. | Plants |
| What are the organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces. | Decomposers |
| Fungi (mushrooms and mold), Bacteria, and Earthworms are examples of what. | Decomposers |
| What is rich in substances that plants need to grow. Deals with earthworms. | Earthworm Poop |
| What is the most important agent of chemical weathering. | Water |
| What kind of soil has equal amounts of clay, silt, and sand. | Loam |
| What is soil made of. | Minerals, Air, Water, and Organic Matter and weathered rock |
| What is it called when soil remains above its parent rock. | Residual soil |
| What is the rock that breaks down and forms soil. | Parent rock |
| What is soil called when it has been moved away from its parent rock. | Transported soil |
| Different parent rocks are made of different what. | Chemicals |
| What describes the amounts of soil particles of different sizes that a soil contains. | Soil texture |
| What is it called when water dissolves and removes nutrients as it passes through the soil. | Leaching |
| What describes how easily soil can be broken up for farming. | Soil consistency |
| What are the 3 properties of soil. | Soil texture, soil structure, and soil fertility |
| What is the biggest particle found in soil. | Sand |
| What is the most important agent of chemical weathering. | Water |
| What describes the arrangement of soil particles. | Soil structure |
| What is the ability of soil to hold nutrients and to supply nutrients to plants. | Soil fertility |
| What is used to measure how acidic or basic something is. | pH scale |
| What is the first step in the formation of soil. | The weathering of rocks |
| Why will permeable rocks weather faster. | The tiny air holes let water pass through the rock and weather away the rock, exposing more surface area |
| The bottom layer is called what. | Bedrock, parent rock, and horizon R |
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