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Chapter 3 Vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Solid | state of matter in which materials have a definite shape and a definite volume |
Liquid | the state of matter in which a material has definite volume but not definite shape. |
Gas | state of matter in which material has neither definite volume or shape. |
Kinetic Energy | energy an object has due to its motion. |
Pressure | the result of a force distributed over and area. |
Absolute Zero | A temperature of 0K |
Charles Law | states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature in kelvins if the pressure and number of particles is constant. |
Boyle's Law | states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure if the temperature and number of particles is constant. |
Phase Change | the reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another |
Endothermic | Absorbs energy from surroundings. |
Heat of Fusion | the energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a solid to a liquid. |
Exothermic | releases energy to its surroundings. |
Vaporization | the phase change in which a substance changes from a liquid into a gas. |
Heat of Vaporization | the energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a liquid to a gas. |
Evaporation | the process that changes a substance from a liquid to a gas at temperatures below the substance's boiling point |
Vapor Pressure | the pressure caused by collision of this vapor and the walls of the container |
Condensation | the phase change in which a substance changes from a gas or vapor to a liquid |
Sublimation | the phase change in which a substance changes from a solid to a gas or vapor without changing to a liquid first |
Deposition | When a gas or vapor changes directly into a solid without first changing to a liquid |