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Anatomy
Introduction to Human Body
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Supine | Horizontal; lying on back |
prone | Horizontal; lying on stomach |
directional | inferior (below) |
proximal | closer distal; away |
Deep | farther from surface of body |
Superficial | closer to surface of body |
Distal | farther from point of attachment of limb of the trunk |
Proximal | closer/nearer from point of attachment of limb of trunk |
Contralateral | Opposite side of the body |
Ipsilateral | same side of body |
Intermediate | Between 2 structures |
Lateral | farther away from midline |
Medial | closer to midline of body |
Posterior (Dorsal) | close to back of body |
Anterior (Ventral) | close to front of body |
Inferior | below |
Superior | above |
arm | located between the shoulders and elbows |
forarm | located from the elbow to wrist |
thigh | located between the groin and knee |
leg | located between knee and ankle |
chest | area of the trunk between the neck and diaphragm [contains hear and lungs] |
abdomen | area of the trunk and between the diaphragm and hip bones [contains the digestive organs] |
pelvis | area of the trunk below the hip bones [contains internal reproductive organs and urinary bladder] |
groin | area on the anterior surface marked by a crease where the lower limb attaches to the pelvis |
Thoracic cavity | space enclosed by the ribs, sternum, and vertebral column contains 3 small cavities: pericardial cavity(surrounds the heart), and 2 pleural cavities(contains the lung) |
mediastinum | :central area within the thoracic cavity (extends from the neck to diaphragm and from sternum to the vertebral column) organs located are: heart, thymus gland, esophagus, trachea, blood vessles, bronchi pleural cavities located on each side of medias. |
diaphragm | separates the thoracic from the abdominal cavity |
abdominopelvic | consists of 2 cont. cavities: abdominal and pelvic cavity |
abdominal | superior portion located between the diaphragm and the brim of pelvis. |
PERITONEAL cavity (abdominal) | Contains: stomach, liver, pancreas, speen, small intestines, kidneys, appendex, and part of large intestine. |
Retroperitoneal cavity(abdomninal) | located posterior to peritoneum contains: pancrease, kidneys, adrenal glands, and portions of the large intestines, small intestine, aorta, and inferior vena cava |
Pelvic cavity | inferior portion of the abdomino pelvic cavity contains: part of large intestine, rectum, urinary bladder, female and male reproductive organs |
AXIAL | central part of the body, the head and trunk |
APPENDICULAR | extremities or limbs |
Cephalic (se-FAL-ik) | head |
Cranial | portion of the skull surrounding the brain |
Acromial | highest point of the shoulder |
Facial | face |
Axillary (AX-il-ary) | armpit |
Frontal | forehead |
Brachial (BRAY-key-ul) | arm |
Orbital | eye |
Antecubital (an-teh-KYOO-bi-tul) | anterior surface of the elbow |
Otic (OH-tik) | ear |
Olecranal (oh-LEK-ra-nul) | posterior surface of the elbow |
Nasal | nose |
Antebrachial | forearm |
Buccal (BUCK-al) | cheek |
Carpal | wrist |
Oral | mouth |
Manual | hand |
Mental | chin |
Palmar | palm of the hand |
Occipital (ox-SIP-i-tal) | back of the head |
Digital | digits (fingers) |
Cervical | neck |
thoracic | chest |
sternal | breast bone |
pectoral | chest |
mammary | breast |
abdominal | abdomen |
umbilical | navel |
coxal | hip |
pelvic | pelvis |
pubic | genital area |
dorsal | back |
scapular | shoulder blade region |
lumbar | area of the back between the lowest rib and buttocks |
digital | digits (toes) |
calcaneal | heel |
plantar | sole of foot |
pedal | foot |
tarsal | ankle |
sural | posterior surface of the leg |
fibular | lateral side of the leg |
crural | anterior surface of the leg |
popliteal | posterior surface of the knee |
patellar | anterior surface of the knee |
femoral | thigh |
gluteal | buttocks |
inguinal | groin where the thigh attaches to the pelvis |