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Chapter 8
Enterprise Systems and Supply Chain Management
Term | Definition |
---|---|
INTEGRATION | Allows separate systems to communicate directly with each other, eliminating the need for manual entry into multiple systems |
FORWARD INTEGRATION | Takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all downstream systems and processes |
BACKWARD INTEGRATION | Takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all upstream systems and processes |
ENTERPRISE SYSTEM | Provide enterprise wide support and data access for a firm's operations and business processes |
ENTERPRISE APPLICATION INTEGRATION (EAI) | Connects the plans, methods, and tools aimed at integrating separate enterprise systems |
MIDDLEWARE | Several different types of software that sit between and provide connectivity for two or more software applications |
ENTERPRISE APPLICATION INTEGRATION MIDDLEWARE | Takes a new approach to middleware by packaging commonly used applications together, reducing the time needed to integrate applications from multiple vendors |
SUPPLY CHAIN | All parties involved, directly or indirectly, in obtaining raw materials or a product |
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (SCM) | The management of information flows between and among activities in a supply chain to maximize effectiveness and corporate profitability |
SUPPLY CHAIN VISIBILITY | The ability to view all areas up and down the supply chain in real time |
SUPPLY CHAIN PLANNING SYSTEM | Uses advanced mathematical algorithms to improve the flow and efficiency of the supply chain while reducing inventory |
SUPPLY CHAIN EXECUTION SYSTEM | Automates the different activities of the supply chain |
BULLWHIP EFFECT | Occurs when distorted product demand information ripples from one partner to the next throughout the supply chain |
ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE (EDI) | Electronic interchange of information between supply chain participants |
DEMAND PLANNING SYSTEM | Generates demand forecasts using statistical tools and forecasting techniques, so companies can respond faster and more effectively to consumer demands through supply chain enhancements |