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Ch. 6
Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
sediment | |
lithification | |
cementation | process of sedimentary rock formation that occurs when dissolved minerals precipitate out of groundwater and either a new mineral grouws between the sediment grains or the same mineral grows between and over the grain. |
bedding | horizontal layering in sedimentary rock that can range from a few millimeters to several meters thick. |
graded bedding | type of bedding in which particle sizes become progressively heavier and coarser toward the bottom layer. |
cross-bedding | depositional feature of sedimentary rock that forms as inclined layers of sediment are carried forward across a horizontal surface. |
clastic sedimentary rock | most common type of sedimentary rock. formed from the abundant deposits of loose sediments that accumulate on Earth's surface; classified according to the size of their particles. |
clastic | rock and mineral fragments produced by weathering and erosion and classified according to particle size and shape. |
porosity | |
evaporite | the layers of chemical sedimentary rocks that form when concentrations of dissolved minerals in a body of water reach saturation due to the evaporation of water; crystal grains precipitate out of solution and settle to the bottom. |
foliated | metamorphic rock, such as schist or gneiss, whose minerals are squeezed under high pressure and arranged in wavy layers and bands. |
nonfoliated | |
regional metamorphism | |
contact metapmorphism | local effect that occurs when motel rock meets solid rock. |
hydrothermal metamorphism | |
rock cycle |