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Chapter 3
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Solid | the state of matter in which materials have a definite shape and definite volume. |
Liquid | the state of matter in which a material has a definite volume but not a definite shape. |
Gas | the state of matter in which a material has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume. |
Kinetic Energy | the energy an object has due to its motion. |
Pressure | the result of a force distributed over an are. |
Absolute Zero | A temperature of 0 K |
Charles's Law | states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature in kelvins if the pressure and the number of particles of the gas are constant. |
Boyle's Law | states the the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure if the temperature and the number of particles are constant. |
Phase change | the reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another. |
endothermic | change the system releases energy to its surroundings. |
Heat of fusion | Energy for water, fusion is another word for melting |
Exothermic | system releases energy in its surroundings |
Vaporizaton | Phase change in which a substance changes from a liquid into a gas |
heat of vaporizaton | amount of energy of water, varies from substance to subtances |
evaporation | The process that changes a substance from a liquid to a gas at temperatures below the substances boiling point. |
Vapor pressure | pressure caused by collisions of this vapor and the walls of the container. |
Condensation | phase change in which a substance changes from a gas or vapor to a liquid. |
Sublimation | phase change in which a substance changes from a solid to a gas or vapor without changing to a liquid first. |
Deposition | When a gas vapor changes directly into a solid without first changing to a liquid. |